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shuangzili · 2022年03月07日

A为什么不对呢?

NO.PZ2021071301000018

问题如下:

Which of the following is likely to account for the decline in labor force participation and unemployment

选项:

A.The number of voluntarily unemployed fall. B.The number of underemployed workers rise. C.

The number of discouraged workers rise.

解释:

C is correct.

Statistics show that discouraged workers are not part of the workforce. As a result, an increase in discouraged workers would reduce the labor force and thus the labor force participation rate. So the ratio of the labor force to the total working age population increases. Moreover, a rise in discouraged workers would lower the unemployment rate, since discouraged workers are not counted in the official unemployment rate.

灰心丧气的工人放弃了找工作,统计数据显示他们不在劳动力大军之中。因此,这类工人的增加会降低劳动力,从而降低劳动参与率,即劳动力与总劳动年龄人口的比率下降。此外,此类工人的增加将降低失业率,因为它们不计入官方失业率。


The number of voluntarily unemployed fall

这个代表的是自愿不工作的人下降,也就是自愿工作的人上升,所以labor force会上升对吗?谢谢

1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2022年03月07日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


The number of voluntarily unemployed fall

这个代表的是自愿不工作的人下降,也就是自愿工作的人上升,所以labor force会上升对吗?谢谢


是的。理解正确,labor force上升。


A为什么不对呢?

本题问的是,什么会引起劳动参与率和失业率的减少。


区分几个指标的定义

失业人口 = 适龄劳动人口且自愿工作且未找到工作。

劳动力 = 适龄劳动人口且自愿工作


劳动参与率 = 劳动力/适龄劳动人口

失业率 = 失业人口/劳动力



A选项说的是,自愿失业的人下降,那么这部分人,就从自愿失业,变为不自愿失业。不自愿失业,记入失业人口(unemployed),同时记入劳动力(labor force),结果就是失业人口和劳动力都增加。


劳动参与率 = 劳动力/适龄劳动人口,劳动力增加,适龄劳动人口不变,劳动参与率增加。

失业率 = 失业人口/劳动力,失业人口与劳动力都增加一个相同的数,但是由于失业人口<劳动力,分子分母增加相同的绝对数,分子增加的比例更大,因此,失业率增加。


所以不选A


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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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