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Luhunlu · 2022年02月17日

老师,这个是考点吗?

NO.PZ2020010303000010

问题如下:

Either using a Z table or the Excel function NORM.S.INV, compute

a. z so that Pr(z < Z) = .95 when Z ∼ N(0, 1)

b. z so that Pr(z > Z) = .95 when Z ∼ N(0, 1)

c. z so that Pr(-z < Z < z) = .75 when Z ∼ N(0, 1)

d. a and b so that Pr(a < X < b) = .75 and Pr(X < a) = 0.125 when X ∼ N(2, 4)

选项:

解释:

a. 1.645. In Excel, the command to compute this value is NORM.S.INV(.95).

b. -1.645. In Excel, the command to compute this value is NORM.S.INV(.05).

c. 1.15. Here the tail to the left should have 12.5% and the tail to the right should also have 12.5%. In Excel, the command to compute this value is –NORM.S.INV(.125).

d. -0.3 and 4.3. The area of the left and right should each have 12.5%. These can be constructed using the answer to the previous problem by re-centering on the mean and scaling by the standard deviation, so that a = 2 * -1.15 + 2 and b = 2 * 1.15 + 2. Note that the formula is a=σq+μa = \sigma * q + \mu, where q is the quantile value.

老师,第四问根据分位数反求分位点的公式要求掌握吗?讲义中只是提到了两者之间存在反函数关系

Luhunlu · 2022年02月17日

啊老师我理解错了,这道题跟分位数没关系,这是根据查表得出的分位点计算出两端值。 但是根据概率怎么反查分位点呀?考试时会直接给出?

2 个答案
已采纳答案

DD仔_品职助教 · 2022年02月18日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


同学你好,

像这种不常见的概率题目会直接给出来z值是多少,或者会给你一个z table来查表。

像d问的是a~b之间概率是75%,那么这个就是一个双尾的分布,尾部25%,一边是12.5%,我们可以通过z-table来查找,如下图:

中间的是概率,对应12.5%,查表头,z值=-1.15,因为是对称图形,所以另一边的z值就是1.15

因为d问给出的分布不是标准正态分布,我们要进行标准化。z*均值+标准差即可得出答案。

N~(均值,方差),均值=2,标准差=4^0.5=2

z=正负1.15.

套公式即可。

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努力的时光都是限量版,加油!

Luhunlu · 2022年02月18日

感谢老师解答!

DD仔_品职助教 · 2022年02月18日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


加油>3

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加油吧,让我们一起遇见更好的自己!

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