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兔小兔 · 2022年01月07日

为什么

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NO.PZ201812100100000307

问题如下:

Based on Exhibits 2 and 3, as well as Holmstead’s assumption about future health care inflation, the debt-to-equity ratio calculated by Rickards for XYZ should be closest to:

选项:

A.

2.69.

B.

2.71.

C.

2.73.

解释:

C is correct.

To calculate the debt-to-equity ratio, both liabilities and total equity need to be adjusted for the estimated impact of a 100-bp increase in health care costs. The proposed increase in health care costs will increase total liabilities and decrease equity by the same amount. Consequently, the debt-to-equity ratio changes as follows:

Sensitivity of benefit obligation to 100-bp increase = $93 Adjusted liabilities = $17,560 + $93 = $17,653

Adjusted equity = $6,570 – $93 = $6,477

Adjusted debt-to-equity ratio = $17,653/$6,477 = 2.7255 ₤ 2.73

Consequently, a 100-bp increase in health care costs increases the debt-to-equity ratio to approximately 2.73.

考点:养老金假设的改变。

解析:如果假设health care inflation变高100个bp,health care inflation上升,未来的义务上升,PBO上升,所以负债上升。liability会增加93。

从资产负债表调平角度看,由于Health care inflation的改变不会改变asset,那么可以推出equity会相应减少93。计算出Debt-to-equity ratio=(17560+93)/(6570-93)=2.73。

【提示】

1、为什么不考虑expense增加12?

养老金费用一是会影响PBO的金额,二是会在损益表或者OCI里确认,损益表和OCI最终影响的就是equity。

expense的增加对liability的影响已经考虑在了93这个数字里面,不需要重复考虑了。

2、inflation上升为什么不影响plan asset?

但整体不影响plan asset,因为asset只受contribution和真实投资收益的影响。

1.如果假设health care inflation变高100个bp,health care inflation上升,未来的义务上升,PBO上升,所以负债上升。liability会增加93。

Adjusted liabilities = $17,560 + $93 = $17,653

2.从资产负债表调平角度看,由于Health care inflation的改变不会改变asset,那么可以推出equity会相应减少93


由于Health care inflation的改变不会改变asset,为甚不改变A

1 个答案
已采纳答案

袁园_品职助教 · 2022年01月07日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


liability和equity单独变化了,一个PBO增加了93(对应liability增加93);另一个对应的ppc增加了93,一部分体现在IS中就是那个12,另一部分体现在OCI中,为81(这两个部分都是对应在equity中,所以equity合起来减小了93)。

asset=liability+equity加起来还是不变,总体的asset是不变的。

但是对应到DEBT/EQUITY的比率,是分子增加,分母减少,所以还是变化的。

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