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小叶子11 · 2021年09月27日

机构IPS的官网题,银行的额外养老金福利

Li continues, “The plan’s benefit is defined as a percentage of each year’s compensation subject to a fixed 4% annual interest rate credit accumulating each year to a total lump sum. Pure, which has sufficient cash flow, has a policy of contributing an amount sufficient to cover accumulated vested plan benefits annually into a corporate trust. The plan’s trust portfolio is entirely composed of fixed-income securities. The employee gradually accrues rights to the full amount of the benefit from the beginning of Employment Years 3 through 6. Upon separation from employment, the employee may receive distribution of the entire vested benefit or leave it in the plan to accumulate further. Those who do not remain employed long enough to become fully vested forfeit some or all of the benefit. Pure uses these forfeited funds to reduce its future contributions to the plan’s trust. A majority of the participating technical employees remain at least five years, and we lose only about 20% of our staff within the first four years. The average tenure of our technical staff is 5.5 years. Exhibit 2 shows some of the characteristics of the portfoliobacking the benefit.”

Exhibit 2

Portfolio Characteristics

Market value of plan assets (in USD)

5,820,300

Current value of vested benefits (in USD)

5,675,000

Portfolio effective duration

4.95

Portfolio current yield

2.95%

Annualized portfolio return inception to date

4.00%

Q. Based on Li’s description of the deferred compensation plan and the data in Exhibit 2, the funding status of the plan is most likely explained by the difference between the:

  1. portfolio’s current yield and the return inception to date.
  2. average employee tenure and the portfolio’s effective duration.
  3. amount of the contributions and the growth rate of the vested benefits.

答案C


文中段落的意思我都明天,问题1.Current value of vested benefits 就是PBO吧?

2 A选项的portfolio’s current yield 和 the return inception to date什么区别,怎么感觉是一个东西 

3.B选项 average employee tenure 和 the portfolio’s effective duration根本没关系吧,资产的duration应该和负责的duration(即员工平均还有多少年退休)匹配

4.C选项 amount of the contributions 是金额, growth rate of the vested benefits是百分比,这俩怎么能一起比呢

2 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2021年09月28日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


追问一句,员工平均在职时间(Average employee tenure)如何影响到Pension liability的期限


员工平均在职时间越长 → 员工平均年龄越大 → Pension liability的期限就越短,因为员工很快就会退休,Pension liability就会到期支付

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发亮_品职助教 · 2021年09月28日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


文中段落的意思我都明天,问题1.Current value of vested benefits 就是PBO吧?


有点不一样。

Pension liability有3种衡量形式,PBO,以员工退休时的工资为基数算的Liability现值。

ABO,以员工当前的工资为基数算的Liability现值。

以及VBO(Vested benefit obligation),衡量的是:不论员工将来是否还为公司效力,员工此刻一定能拿到的Benefit。

不同的分析情景下,使用到的Liability衡量模式不同。这里的Current value of vested benefits就是VBO的概念(Vested benefit obligation)。

以上属于2级财务涉及到的内容,3级只需知道本题的Current value of vested benefits就是衡量Liability market value的一个指标即可。


2 A选项的portfolio’s current yield 和 the return inception to date什么区别,怎么感觉是一个东西 


不一样。Portfolio's current yield,是Portfolio当前的YTM,或者说是Cash flow yield概念。就像债券的YTM一样,衡量的是Portfolio对应现金流的折现率。

而Return inception to date,是指,自从Portfolio成立以来,portfolio赚取的投资收益。Inception to date就是指自成立至今。

Return inception to date就是:自Portfolio成立至今获得的投资收益率。

可见,Current yield告诉我们的是YTM、折现率概念;Return inception to date告诉我们的是已经获得的投资收益概念。两者不同。


3.B选项 average employee tenure 和 the portfolio’s effective duration根本没关系吧,资产的duration应该和负责的duration(即员工平均还有多少年退休)匹配

有关系。

员工平均在职时间(Average employee tenure)会影响到Pension liability的期限(Maturity),而Liability的期限会影响到投资资产的期限(Investment horizon),资产的Maturity(Investment horizon)一定会影响到自己的Duration。


4.C选项 amount of the contributions 是金额, growth rate of the vested benefits是百分比,这俩怎么能一起比呢


可以比。

Growth rate of the vested benefits影响负债的增长。

Amount of the contributions影响资产的增长。

两者之间的差距会影响到Pension plan的Funded status,这道题主要想考察这点。

C选的改成Growth of the vested benefits应该会更好,可避免歧义。不过,就着这道题的语境,也只有C选项可以影响到Funded status。

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小叶子11 · 2021年09月28日

追问一句,员工平均在职时间(Average employee tenure)如何影响到Pension liability的期限

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