NO.PZ201602060100001501
问题如下：
After translating Consol-Can’s inventory and long-term debt into the parent company’s currency (US$), the amounts reported on Consolidated Motor’s financial statements on 31 December 20X2 would be closest to (in millions):
选项：
A.$71 for inventory and $161 for long-term debt.
B.$71 for inventory and $166 for long-term debt.
C.$73 for inventory and $166 for long-term debt.
解释：
B is correct.
When the parent company’s currency is used as the functional currency, the temporal method must be used to translate the subsidiary’s accounts. Under the temporal method, monetary assets and liabilities (e.g., debt) are translated at the current (year-end) rate, nonmonetary assets and liabilities measured at historical cost (e.g., inventory) are translated at historical exchange rates, and non-monetary assets and liabilities measured at current value are translated at the exchange rate at the date when the current value was determined. Because beginning inventory was sold first and sales and purchases were evenly acquired, the average rate is most appropriate for translating inventory and C$77 million × 0.92 = $71 million. Long-term debt is translated at the year-end rate of 0.95. C$175 million × 0.95 = $166 million.
考点：Temporal method
解析：题目第一段就给了条件“use the US dollar as its functional currency”，即子公司用母公司的货币作为其functional currency。
当母公司用的货币和functional currency是一样的时候，即RC=FC≠LC时，我们使用temporal method来转换子公司的财报。
在temporal method方法下，MA和ML用的是current rate来转换，NMA和NML用的是历史汇率来转换。
inventory ：用取得存货时候的历史汇率，C$77 million × 0.92 = $71 million
【提示】temporal method下Inventory 乘的汇率是历史汇率，用的是取得存货时的历史汇率，也就是存货是什么时候买的，就用什么时候的汇率，因为存货通常不是一次购买的，可能是分批采购的，所以题目为了简便，会给一个购买存货对应平均历史汇率。
这里用的0.92是汇率表格第三行的数字，不是第二行的数字。
Long-term debt：用current rate，C$175 million × 0.95 = $166 million.
课上说的是存货要考虑不同的计量方式，包括cogs，用historical rate，只有加权平均法下才使用加权平均rate
