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lman · 2021年05月02日

Using heuristics什么意思,定义是?内容是?

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问题如下:

 Weaver discusses how decisions are shaped by the decision-making process itself. She provides the following example:

A new client is interested in becoming an antique car investor and requested I make available $200,000 from his portfolio so he could start his collection. Shortly after the money was made available, the client visited an antique car auction not far from his home. Unfortunately, the auction had a limited number of cars meeting his requirements. He was drawn to one antique car in particular, even though it was missing several of the features he wanted. After some consideration he decided to purchase it anyway. Within an hour, his purchase was placed in storage for safekeeping.”

What behavior did Weaver’s new client most likely demonstrate when he purchased the antique car?

选项:

A.

Satisficing

B.

Utility maximization

C.

Using heuristics

解释:

A is correct.

Weaver’s client most likely demonstrated satisficing when he purchased the antique vehicle. Satisficing combines satisfy and suffice and describes decision, actions, and outcomes that may not be optimal, but are adequate.


选项A: Satisficing属于bounded rationality, 差不多就行。题干中说 “even though it was missing several of the features he wanted. After some consideration he decided to purchase it anyway.” 虽然古董车有一些不符合客户要求的地方,但是这个客户还是买了。A正确。

选项B:utility maximization 题干中没有表现出客户最大化utility, B 错误。

选项C:using heuristics 使用经验,根据过去的经验来决定买不买这辆车,题干中没有这样的表现,C错误。

Using heuristics什么意思,定义是?内容是?

1 个答案

王琛_品职助教 · 2021年05月05日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


在这个语境中,Heuristics 可以理解为「经验」

也有翻译为「启发式方法」,是基于经验和知识的心理捷径,可以简化决策。它们有时被称为经验法则。

教材在 bounded rationality 这里提到,人们不总能得到最优结果,而总是使用历史经验来处理收集到的信息,直到获得一个 satisfactory 的结果

使用经验来处理信息的好处就是简单方便,所以也只能得到一个 satisfactory 的结果,而不是 optimal

这个词我们能读懂是什么意思,知道它不属于传统金融学范畴,而是是跟 bounded rationality 和 AMH 理论统一的即可

也可以参考 R7 的课后题第一题的,Statement 1 就是 use heuristics

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