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qyang · 2021年03月29日

Could you help with Statement 3?

NO.PZ2018120301000053

问题如下:

Wang, a credit analyst in a wealth management firm, made the following statements about empirical duration:

Statement 1: Empirical duration is calculated by running a regression of bond’s price returns on changes in a benchmark interest rate.

Statement 2: Empirical duration tends to be smaller than the theoretically based effective duration.

Statement 3: high-yield bonds typically have a higher price sensitivity to interest rate changes than that of the investment-grade bonds.

According to the information above, which of the following is correct?

选项:

A.

Statement 1 and statement 2 are correct.

B.

Statement 2 and statement 3 are correct.

C.

Statement 1 and statement 3 are correct.

解释:

A is correct.

考点:empirical duration的理解

解析:三个Statement中,Statement 1和Statement 2是正确的;Statement 3错误,因为相比较Investment-grade bond,high-yield bond对利率的敏感度更低。

How to understand statement 3? Thank you!

1 个答案
已采纳答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2021年03月30日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


How to understand statement 3? Thank you!


Statement 3说High-yield bond有更高的利率敏感度(a higher price sensitivity to interest rate changes)(比Investment-grade bond的利率敏感度要高)

Statement 3: high-yield bonds typically have a higher price sensitivity to interest rate changes than that of the investment-grade bonds.


这点刚好说反了,正确的结论应该是:比起Investment-grade bond,High-yield bonds有更低(Lower price sensitivity to interest rate changes)的利率敏感度。


理解如下:


债券自身的Yield发生改变,通过债券的Modified duration来影响债券的价格;而债券自身的Yield = benchmark yield + credit spread

其中,Benchmark yield就是Statement 3里面说的基准利率(Interest rate)


所以,如果按住Credit spread不变,理论上Interest rate改变多少,债券自身的Yield就改变多少,然后通过Modified duration来影响债券的价格;

例如,Interest rate改变-1%,那债券的Yield就改变-1%,债券的价格上升:1%×Modified duration;


但是,我们从实务中发现,Interest rate的改变与Credit spread的改变呈现出反向变动的关系。


例如,Interest rate上升时,往往伴随的是经济繁荣期,因为经济繁荣、投资需求旺盛,会拉高利率;而经济繁荣时,往往公司的违约概率会下降,即债券的Credit spread会下降。(利率下降时的分析同理)。


所以Interest rate的变化与Credit spread的变化,就呈现出反向的关系。

那这样的话,有可能出现,Interest rate上升1%,但是债券的Credit spread下降0.8%,债券自身的Yield只变动了0.2%;


由于Interest rate与Credit spread的这种反向关系,债券自身的Yield变动幅度其实比Interest rate的变动幅度要小。


反映出来的结果就是:债券价格的真实变动更小,例如,债券价格的真实变动只有0.2%×Modified duration,而只看Interest rate影响的话,债券的价格变动应该要有1%×Modified duration。


所以,现实中债券的价格对利率的敏感度会相对更小一些。就是因为Credit spread的改变与Interest rate的改变呈现出反向的关系,现实中债券的价格受到利率改变的影响比理论上要小。即,现实中债券的利率敏感度要比理论上更小。


这种现状,在High-yield bond身上会更加突出。因为High-yield bond他的Credit spread变动会更加剧烈,Credit spread与Interest rate的这种反向变动关系会更加突出。结果就是对于HYB,债券自身Yield的真实变动,要比Interest rate的变动小很多;

那这样的话,就是HYB价格的真实变动,受到Interest rate的影响要更小,即,HYB对Interest rate的敏感度要小,小于Investment-grade bond的利率敏感度。


这里就有原版书的结论:

比起Investment-grade bond,HYB对利率的敏感度要相对更小。

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