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Lily · 2021年03月14日

为什么不选short put option

NO.PZ2019103001000041

问题如下:

McLaughlin and Michaela Donaldson, a junior analyst at Delphi, are now discussing how to reposition the portfolio in light of McLaughlin’s expectations about interest rates over the next 12 months. She expects interest rate volatility to be high and the yield curve to experience an increase in the 2s/10s/30s butterfly spread, with the 30-year yield remaining unchanged. Selected yields on the Treasury yield curve, and McLaughlin’s expected changes in yields over the next 12 months, are presented in Exhibit 1.

Donaldson suggests they also consider altering the portfolio’s convexity to enhance expected return given McLaughlin’s interest rate expectations.

Given McLaughlin’s interest rate expectations over the next 12 months, one way that Donaldson and McLaughlin could alter convexity to enhance expected return would be to:

选项:

A.

sell call options on bonds held in the portfolio.

B.

buy call options on long-maturity government bond futures.

C.

sell put options on bonds they would be willing to own in the portfolio.

解释:

B is correct.

McLaughlin expects interest rate volatility to be high and the yield curve to experience an increase in the butterfly spread, with the 30-year yield remaining unchanged. To increase the portfolio’s expected return, Donaldson and McLaughlin should buy call options on long-maturity government bond futures to increase convexity.

这道题为什么不选short put option,是因为可能接不到货吗?

2 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2021年03月16日

short put option不就相当于买入convexity吗?


不是的。相当于卖出Convexity。


Option具有Positive convexity,所以 Buy/Long options = buy convexity;Sell/Short options = Sell convexity

不论是Put options还是Call options,他们都是具有Positive convexity。Buy/Sell对Convexity的影响满足以上关系。

本题由于是预期Interest rate volatility to be high,盈利的策略应该是Buy convexity,那如果要通过Options来实现的话,合适的策略应该是Buy options。

本题选项只有B满足条件,A和C都是Short options头寸,方向不对可以排除。


关于为啥Options具有Positive convexity,如果想了解可以参考以下内容,不过不属于考试要求:

https://class.pzacademy.com/qa/70833


Buy convexity的手段:

1、买入Convexity更大的债券(一般是期限Maturity越长Convexity越大)

2、Buy/long call or put options

3、如果组合有Duration不变的限制,将原组合Bullet or laddered形状调整成Barbell形状


Sell convexity(或者是降低组合Convexity)的手段:

1、Sell/Short call/put options

2、buy callable bond(对于投资者而言,Callable bond内含一个Short call options头寸)

3、Buy MBS(MBS等同于Callable bond,对投资者而言内含一个Short call options头寸)

4、将Barbell形状or laddered形状的组合调整成Bullet,可以实现Duration不变时降低组合Convexity。

发亮_品职助教 · 2021年03月15日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


这道题为什么不选short put option,是因为可能接不到货吗?


不是的。


关于Convexity的策略,有以下总结:


1、当预期收益率曲线稳定(Stable)的时候,我们应该卖出Convexity,来增强收益。

2、当预期收益率曲线波动(Volatile)的时候,我们应该买入Convexity,来获取更高的收益。


这道题是让我们基于McLaughlin’s 同学的利率预期,那他的利率预期为:

She expects interest rate volatility to be high and the yield curve to experience an increase in the 2s/10s/30s butterfly spread

我们发现,他预期是利率的波动率比较高,因此,我们应该买入Convexity,来捕获更高的收益。


为什么利率波动高的时候应该买入Convexity呢?这主要是从利率变动对债券价格的影响公式出发的。


利率变动对债券的影响公式为:Price % = - duration × △yield% +1/2 × convexity × (△yield%)^2


我们发现,利率涨的时候,通过Duration的影响,债券的价格会下降。但是此时,Convexity的影响为正数,这说明Convexity能帮助我们抵御一部分债券价格的下跌;

而利率跌的时候,通过Duration的影响,债券的价格会上升;同时,此时,Convexity的影响仍然为正数,这会进一步增加债券价格的上升。

所以,我们发现,只要利率有变动,无论利率是涨还是跌,Convexity是永远对投资者有利的,这种特性就是“涨多跌少”。

所以,如果投资者预期利率波动高的时候,我们可以买入Convexity,来获取更高的收益。


Convexity既然是优质属性,所以Convexity高的债券往往卖的比较贵。体现在期初投资者买这种债券的时候,需要付出较高的买价。所以,如果利率没有波动,等于说我们期初花了高价买入了没有用处的Convexity,所以此时会拉低投资收益。所以Convexity要发挥作用,必须要利率高波动。

如果预期利率波动低的时候,或者是Stable的时候,我们应该卖出没有用处的Convexity。


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