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齐王木木 · 2021年01月02日

问一道题:NO.PZ2019100901000005

问题如下:

William Azarov is a portfolio manager for Westcome Investments, an asset management firm. Azarov is preparing for meetings with two of Westcome’s clients and obtains the help of Jason Boulder, a junior analyst. The first meeting is with Maglav Inc., a rapidly growing US-based technology firm with a young workforce and high employee turnover. Azarov directs Boulder to review the details of Maglav’s defined benefit (DB) pension plan. The plan is overfunded and has assets under management of $25 million.

In the meeting with Maglav, Azarov describes the investment approach used by Westcome in managing the pension plan. The approach is characterized by a high allocation to alternative investments, significant active management, and a reliance on outsourcing assets to other external asset managers. Azarov also explains that Maglav’s operating results have a low correlation with pension asset returns and that the investment strategy is affected by the fact that the pension fund assets are a small portion of Maglav’s market capitalization. Azarov states that the plan is subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and follows generally accepted accounting principles, including Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 715, Compensation—Retirement Benefits.

Based on Azarov’s statement concerning ERISA and ASC 715, which of the following statements is correct?

选项:

A.

Maglav is not allowed to terminate the plan.

B.

Maglav can exclude the plan’s service costs from net income.

C.

Maglav’s plan must appear as an asset on Maglav’s balance sheet.

解释:

C is correct.

ASC 715, Compensation—Retirement Benefits requires that an overfunded (underfunded) plan appear as an asset (liability) on the balance sheet of the corporate sponsor. Maglav’s plan is overfunded, so it appears as an asset on Maglav’s balance sheet.

在讲课的时候老师总说一个卖薯片的公司,如果放了好多养老金,人家还以为是基金公司呢,所以C应该是不放,是不是我理解有误啊?求解惑

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发亮_品职助教 · 2021年01月04日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


“在讲课的时候老师总说一个卖薯片的公司,如果放了好多养老金,人家还以为是基金公司呢,所以C应该是不放,是不是我理解有误啊?”


这里理解有点问题。

DB Fund的状态是一定要进入公司的资产负债表的。



但是,法律要求DB Fund只以净额列示在资产负债表上。

比如,我们是Overfunded的DB Fund,Asset=500million,liability=450million;

此时,公司有净资产(有surplus 50 million),那此时,这个净额50million应该计入公司资产负债表的资产端;


同理,如果是Underfunded的养老金,Asset=500million,Liability=550million;

此时有deficit 50million(公司有净负债50million),这个净额50million计入公司资产负债表负债端。


老师上课说的意思是:我们DB Fund不能全额进入公司的资产负债表,如果全额列入,例如上面的第一组举例数据,公司的资产端将会增加500million的Portfolio投资,同理负债端会增加450million,这会严重地放大薯片公司的资产负债表规模。

可能在外界看来,薯片公司竟然会有500million的金融投资、以及450million的金融负债。这就是上课表达的意思,DB全额进入公司资产负债表,会扭曲公司实际资产、负债的规模。


基于这种影响,我们法律就要求DB Fund以净额进入公司的资产负债表,净额就对公司资产负债表的规模影响就相对小很多的。例如,上面以净额进入的话,有Surplus时,公司资产负债表资产端只用增加50million。



DB Fund一定要进公司资产负债表,且以净额列示。


-------------------------------
就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!


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