开发者:上海品职教育科技有限公司 隐私政策详情

应用版本:4.2.11(IOS)|3.2.5(安卓)APP下载

MarinaC · 2020年11月11日

问一道题:NO.PZ2019100901000001

问题如下:

William Azarov is a portfolio manager for Westcome Investments, an asset management firm. Azarov is preparing for meetings with two of Westcome’s clients and obtains the help of Jason Boulder, a junior analyst. The first meeting is with Maglav Inc., a rapidly growing US-based technology firm with a young workforce and high employee turnover. Azarov directs Boulder to review the details of Maglav’s defined benefit (DB) pension plan. The plan is overfunded and has assets under management of $25 million. Boulder makes the following two observations:

Observation 1 Maglav’s shareholders benefit from the plan’s overfunded status.

Observation 2 The funded ratio of Maglav’s plan will decrease if employee turnover decreases.

Which of Boulder’s observations regarding Maglav’s pension plan is correct?

选项:

A.

Only Observation 1

B.

Only Observation 2

C.

Both Observation 1 and Observation 2

解释:

C is correct.

Both observations are correct. For a corporate defined benefit plan, Maglav’s shareholders are stakeholders. These stakeholders are interested in the sustainability of the pension plan, and the overfunded status is an asset on the balance sheet, potentially increasing the value of Maglav’s stock. The overfunded status also allows management to potentially lower employer contributions to the plan and increase net income. It also lowers financial risk, which may reduce volatility in the stock price. In addition, decreasing employee turnover will increase plan liabilities and worsen the funded ratio. With high turnover, fewer workers will be vested and entitled to defined benefit payments. Conversely, if employee turnover decreases, expected vesting will increase, leading to higher plan liabilities and a lower funded ratio.

难道不是如果公司长期overfunded, 公司的shareholder 其实投入更多,是不好的吗?不是维持平衡的Pension account最好?

1 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2020年11月12日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


“不是维持平衡的Pension account最好?”


不是的,DB Pension plan的最好状态就是一直保持Overfunded的状态。并且这个Overfunded的金额越大越好。



他这里主要是从DB Fund的特点出发的。我们DB Fund,雇主和员工只约定员工退休后每个月拿确定的退休金(Benefit),所以是养老金将来的Cash outflow是定死的。

但是DB Fund并没有约定员工在职时,雇主需要交多少Contribution,也就是说,DB Fund只约定公司给退休员工发确定数额的退休金,至于员工在职时公司交了多少Contribution是无所谓的。并没有强制公司一定要交Contribution。

那这样的话,实际上意思就是,如果我们Pension plan asset基金运作的好的话,仅仅靠Asset的本金和投资收益就能Cover住养老金负债的话,那雇主一直不交Contribution都可以。

那这样的话,其实Overfunded是很好的状态,养老金一直处于盈余状态,雇主一直就不用交Contribution。所以从报表上看,就不会因为交Contribution降低公司的Net income。从股东的角度看,公司一直不用管交Contribution,不用降低Net income是好事。


第二点就是,养老金是以净额形式计入资产负债表,Overfunded是有净资产状态,所以这个净资产金额会进入资产,会让资产负债表变好看。从股东的角度看,这点也是好事。



“难道不是如果公司长期overfunded, 公司的shareholder 其实投入更多,是不好的吗?”


养老金自己一直可以维持Overfunded状态,那公司就不用往DB账户里交Contribution,对公司来说是投入降低的。

注意,DB Pension plan只有出现赤字时,公司才需要往里面打钱、交Contribution,将DB plan的Funded status拉回法定要求的比率。如果DB Plan一直是Overfunded状态,公司可以一直不用往里面交Contribution,所以Overfunded对公司来说是好事。


-------------------------------
就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!