问题如下:
Which of the following fee structures most likely decreases the volatility of a portfolio’s net returns?
选项:
A. Incentive fees only
B. Management fees only
C. Neither incentive fees nor management fees
解释:
A is correct.
Because incentive fees are fees charged as a percentage of returns (reducing net gains in positive months and reducing net losses in negative months), its use lowers the standard deviation of realized returns. Charging a management fee (a fixed percentage based on assets) lowers the level of realized return without affecting the standard deviation of the return series.