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涵 · 2020年03月04日

问一道题:NO.PZ2016010802000095

问题如下:

Because of a sharp decline in real estate values, the household sector has increased the fraction of disposable income that it saves. If output and investment spending remain unchanged, which of the following is most likely?

选项:

A.

A decrease in the government deficit.

B.

A decrease in net exports and increased capital inflow.

C.

An increase in net exports and increased capital outflow.

解释:

C is correct.

The fundamental relationship among saving, investment, the fiscal balance, and the trade balance is S = I + (G – T) + (X – M). Given the levels of output and investment spending, an increase in saving (reduction in consumption) must be offset by either an increase in the fiscal deficit or an increase in net exports. Increasing the fiscal deficit is not one of the choices, so an increase in net exports and corresponding increase in net capital outflows (increased lending to foreigners and/or increased purchases of assets from foreigners) is the correct response.

考点:

解析: 一国GDP可以通过支出法表示 Y=C+I+G+X-M,也可以通过收入法表示 Y=C+S+T ,讲上述两者联立,可得:S=I+(G-T)+(X-M)

依据上式,净出口的增加可以导致储蓄S的增加,所以C选项入选B不入选。

财政赤字增加而非减少对应S的增加,所以A不入选。

一直没搞懂,(G-T)作为财政赤字考虑是,是看其绝对值吗?理解赤字在数量上单位应该是负得哇?

2 个答案

源_品职助教 · 2020年03月05日

9大

源_品职助教 · 2020年03月04日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


G-T代表政府支出减去政府收入,

如果这个数字逐渐变大(不是绝对值),代表政府实行的是扩张财政政策

如果这个数字逐渐变小(不是绝对值),代表政府实行的是紧缩的财政政策


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