问题如下:
7 Based on Exhibit 1, which government policy has been most effective in helping Genovia achieve its second initiative?
选项:
A.Tax on fossil fuels
B.Subsidy on hydropower
C.Subsidy on other renewables
解释:
C is correct. At the end of Year 2, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for each sector is calculated as follows: (Year 2/Year 0)0.5 – 1
Fossil fuels = (426/462)0.5 – 1 = –4% Hydropower = (273/186)0.5 – 1 = 21% Other renewables = (154/97)0.5 – 1 = 26%.
The CAGR indicates that the 26% increase in production from the subsidy on other renewables has been more effective than the 4% decrease in production from the tax on fossil fuels or the 21% increase in production from the subsidy on hydropower. Thus, the subsidy on other renewables of 26% is the highest, indicating that this policy has been the most effective in helping Genovia achieve its second initiative.
考点:Regulatory Tools
解析:首先我们根据表格计算一下政府实施政策后,不同发电来源产电的变化。
Fossil fuels = (426/462)0.5– 1 = –4%
Hydropower = (273/186)0.5– 1 = 21%
Other renewables = (154/97)0.5 – 1 = 26%.
从计算结果看,石化燃料发电降低了4%,风力发电增加了21%,其他再生资源发电增加了26%。因此从环保节能的角度而言,其他再生资源收获的效果最大。
使用(year2-year0)/year0再开方,与(year2/year0)0.5-1求出来的值不应该都是年化增长率?为什么选择第二种计算方式?