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张伟123456 · 2019年03月23日

一个计算题

Byron Corporation. Byron Corporation's present capital structure, which is also its target capital structure, is 40 percent debt and 60 percent common equity. Next year's net income is projected to be $21,000, and Byron's payout ratio is 30 percent. The company's earnings and dividends are growing at a constant rate of 5 percent; the last dividend (D0) was $2.00; and the current equilibrium stock price is $21.88. Byron can raise all the debt financing it needs at 14.0 percent. If Byron issues new common stock, a 20 percent flotation cost will be incurred. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40 percent.Refer to Byron Corporation. What is the maximum amount of new capital that can be raised at the lowest component cost of equity? (In other words, what is the retained earnings break point?)
1 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2019年03月24日

这道题的条件有点多,其实有点唬人。真正考察到的点非常简单。

首先公司的融资渠道有三个:

  1. 第一个,发债;
  2. 第二个,公司的留存收益,也就是当年的公司利润Net income中,有30%发放股息,70%留存公司继续投资。留存收益相比发新股,在Equity融资里面,是成本较低的。因为题干也说了: If Byron issues new common stock, a 20 percent flotation cost will be incurred。如果要发新股,有20%的发行费,所以发新股比当年留存收益融资成本更高。
  3. 第三个,就是发新股

题目问到:如果我们以最低的股权成本融资,最多能融到多少Capital。

首先股票成本最低的融资方式就是留存收益再投资。当年的利润为21,000;所以留存收益为:

21,000×(1-30%)=14700。

当年的留存收益是14700,我们以最低的股权融资成本,最多能融到股权投资14700。

但是这道题问的是最多能容到多少Capital,由于公司存在Target capital structure,比例是40% debt,60% equity;

那么融14700的股票,相当于融(24,500=14700/60%)的Capital。其中24,500 - 14,700 =9800来自债券融资,14700来自留存收益。

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