问题如下图:
选项:
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解释:
老师,我想借着这道题梳理清楚real default-free bond和nominal default-free bond的区别,其中real default-free bond 是不考虑通胀影响还是剔除了通胀影响?哪个bond在计算价格的时候是需要除以(L+θ)的?这个bond里面的现金流有考虑通胀因素么?谢谢!
Shimin_CPA税法主讲、CFA教研 · 2019年02月02日
购买 real default-free bond 的投资者没有承担通胀风险,因为这种债券的现金流考虑了通胀因素。
这题说的是real default-free government bond,最典型的例子是美国的TIPS,这种债券本金受通货膨胀而改变,coupon=本金*coupon rate,所以利息也会变。比如说买债券的时候发行的面值1000,coupon rate=6%, 如果一年后inflation rate=1%,那么债券面值变成1000*(1+1%)=1010,coupon=1010*6%。投资者的本金利息都随着通胀增加,不会发生拿到手的钱贬值。所以投资者没有承担inflation risk,没有承担这样的风险就不需要相应的风险补偿,因为计算价格的时候,分母代表的要求回报率里面不需要加θ。并且可以发现,现金流已经将通胀因素考虑进去了。
相反,如果买 nominal default-free bond, 市场上最普通最常见的这种债券,发行时面值1000,不管通胀率多少,到期还是1000,到期时的1000或许已经不值钱了,那么投资者就是承担了inflation risk的。因为他拿到手的现金与债券发行时约定的金额一样。既然投资者承担了风险,他就会要求有相应的回报,体现在分母上,就是 L+θ
NO.PZ2015121810000027 问题如下 The prices of one-perio refault-free government bon are likely to most sensitive to changes in: A.investors’ inflation expectations. B.the expectevolatility of economic growth. C.the covarianbetween investors’ inter-temporrates of substitution anthe expectefuture prices of the bon. B is correct.Only changes in fault-free reinterest rates will affethe priof real, fault-free bon. The average level of fault-free reinterest rates is positively relateto the volatility of economic growth in the economy; thus, changes in the expectevolatility of economic growth woullikely leto changes in refault-free reinterest rates, whiin turn woulaffethe prices of real, fault-free government bon. 考点scount Rate on Refault-free Bon解析排除法A ,rebon 不会受到通货膨胀的影响,nominbon 才会B ,volatility of economic growth 影响分母 l,即 refault-free interest rate,所以 B 正确C ,one-perio的债券价格不受 covarian的影响,因为 one-periofault free bon的 covariance=0。只有多期债券才会受covarian影响 我有点不太明白,这个是定义吗,为什么说real就是考虑了通货膨胀因素呢?
NO.PZ2015121810000027 问题如下 The prices of one-perio refault-free government bon are likely to most sensitive to changes in: A.investors’ inflation expectations. B.the expectevolatility of economic growth. C.the covarianbetween investors’ inter-temporrates of substitution anthe expectefuture prices of the bon. B is correct.Only changes in fault-free reinterest rates will affethe priof real, fault-free bon. The average level of fault-free reinterest rates is positively relateto the volatility of economic growth in the economy; thus, changes in the expectevolatility of economic growth woullikely leto changes in refault-free reinterest rates, whiin turn woulaffethe prices of real, fault-free government bon. 考点scount Rate on Refault-free Bon解析排除法rebon不会受到通货膨胀的影响,nominbon才会。B,volatility of economic growth影响分母l,即refault-free interest rate,所以B正确C,one-perio债券价格不受covariance的影响,因为one-periofault free boncovariance=0。只有多期债券才会受covariance影响。 这里可不可以直接总结为单期情况下,价格就是替代率,替代率只会受到经济好坏的影响,所以选未来经济的波动率
NO.PZ2015121810000027 其中inter-temporrate 与maginutility关系还是不太明白
NO.PZ2015121810000027 老师,请问如何准确理解Refault-free债券价格?公式是pri= risk neutrPV + covariance. 请问如果Covariance是风险的折现,那这个公式不就变成风险资产了的定价了?“无风险 + 风险溢价” 另外,老师讲的refault interest rate不是仅仅补偿人的不耐情绪吗?请问当经济volatile的时候,到底是经济波动本身的风险导致折现率变高,还是人的情绪变化导致折现率变高?这里到底有没有风险的存在?谢谢
为什么growth volatility越大,l越大呢?是讲义中哪句话? 我理解的讲义中只是说未来growth预期越大,l越大,但是growth越大和growth volatitlity越大是两码事。。