本题知识点对应讲义的具体位置

问题如下：

The interests of institutional investors are most likely protected through:

选项：

A.pre-emptive rights.

B.related-party transactions.

C.dual-class share structures.

解释：

A is correct. Pre-emptive rights ensure that investors, including institutional investors, can avoid dilution of their interest in a company by a dominant shareholder seeking to gain more control. Both related-party transactions and dual-class share structures are disadvantageous to minority shareholders such as institutional investors, as they can enable dominant shareholders to siphon resources from the company or maintain disproportionate control of voting rights, respectively.