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苏·Xu · 2025年02月07日

纳什均衡

  1. CFA I
  2. Economics Analysis

NO.PZ2023071902000034

问题如下：

Question

Two leading supermarket chains in a region are considering transitioning to a 24-hour service from their usual closing time of 9 p.m. The payoff matrix that arises from their decisions can be visualized in a provided diagram (with the shaded areas signifying payoffs for Chain 2).

MAX17009-MC-Fd

What is the most probable Nash equilibrium strategy for these two chains?

选项：

A.both chains to open for 24 hours. B.only Chain 2 to open for 24 hours. C.both chains to close at 9 p.m.

解释：

Solution The Firm and Market Structures

• describe characteristics of perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and pure monopoly

Every company considers the reaction of the other when choosing its strategy. According to the following summary, it is best for both chains to offer 24-hour service.


每个公司在选择战略时都会考虑对方的反应。根据英文解析中的表格总结，两家连锁店最好都提供24小时服务。

提问中有提到表格看不懂的问题，文字都理解，纳什均衡也理解，想表达的意思是题目的表格怎么看的？

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1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2025年02月08日

嗨，爱思考的PZer你好：


老师本章没有讲纳什均衡，会考吗

Hello，亲爱的同学~


同学跟着老师的讲解，纳什均衡并不难，也不需要死记硬背。只要知道原理，可以自己推导出结论。

纳什均衡的原理是：无论对方怎么选择，自己都可以达到最大收益。


结合本题，表格信息含义如下：

chain2开9小时的前提下，chain1如果开24 小时赚540，chain1如果开9小时赚180。因此chain1会开24小时。

chain2开24小时的前提下，chain1如果开24小时赚108，chain1如果开9小时赚55。因此chain1会开24小时。

由此可见，无论chain2怎么做，chain1都会开24小时。


同样的，无论chain1怎么做，chain2也都会开24小时。

因此是A。

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虽然现在很辛苦，但努力过的感觉真的很好，加油！

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