不理解为什么比较历史数据是算平均？

NO.PZ2023040301000153

问题如下：

An analyst has prepared a table of the average trailing twelve-month price-to-earning (P/E), price-to-cash flow (P/CF), and price-to-sales (P/S) for the Tanaka Corporation for the years 2005 to 2008.

As of the date of the valuation in 2009, the trailing twelve-month P/E, P/CF, and P/S are, respectively, 9.2, 8.0, and 2.5. Based on the information provided, the analyst may reasonably conclude that Tanaka shares are most likely:

选项：

overvalued.

undervalued.

fairly valued.

解释：

Tanaka shares are most likely overvalued. As the table below shows: all the 2009 multiples are currently above their 2005-2008 averages.

想问下，遇到比较乘数的题，而且用到历史数据的话，就是拿历史的平均值与现在的相比较么？或者说这种题怎么看出来是要计算平均的？

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