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sliang · 2024年12月23日

laddered portfolio

NO.PZ2023032703000090

问题如下:

Adams and junior portfolio manager Frank Neeson review the fixed-income portfolios of two new defined benefit plan clients, Lawson Doors & Cabinets, Inc., and Wharton Farms.

Neeson comments, “The durations for almost half of the bonds in the Wharton portfolio are clustered around 4 years, and the durations of the remainder around 12 years, while the durations of the Lawson portfolio bonds are clustered between 6 years and 8 years. In general, a laddered bond portfolio approach would improve liquidity management for both, although the Lawson portfolio would experience an increase in cash flow reinvestment risk and the Wharton portfolio would experience a decrease in convexity.”

Is Neeson most likely correct in his assessment of the effects of a laddered bond portfolio approach on the Wharton and Lawson portfolios? (2019 mock AM)

选项:

A.

Yes

B.

No, because the Lawson portfolio is a bullet portfolio where the duration of its assets are matched to the duration of its liabilities

C.

No, because the duration of the Wharton liabilities is greater than that of the Lawson liabilities owing to the younger age of its participants

解释:

Correct Answer: A

A is correct. A laddered portfolio has lower convexity and dispersion than a barbell portfolio but more than a bullet portfolio, given comparable duration and cash flow yields. Lower convexity and dispersion are desirable aspects in liquidity management. In a laddered portfolio, there is always a bond close to redemption enhancing liquidity. As bonds mature, the final coupon and principal are available for distribution or can be reinvested in a long-term bond at the back of the ladder. The Wharton portfolio is more of a barbell, has higher convexity than the Lawson portfolio, and would see a larger reduction in cash flow reinvestment risk with the reduction of convexity.

Neither duration nor the projected life of the plan reveal the convexity or dispersion characteristics of the portfolio.

"although the Lawson portfolio would experience an increase in cash flow reinvestment risk and the Wharton portfolio would experience a decrease in convexity."

题目中的这句话不对啊,Lawson 是 laddered portfolio, wharton是 bullet portfolio。为什么Lawson 有 cash flow reinvestment risk呢?还有怎么理解wharton would experience a decrease in convexity?

1 个答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2024年12月24日

while the durations of the Lawson portfolio bonds are clustered between 6 years and 8 years

这句话说明lawson组合的cash flow比较集中在中期,属于Bullet


The durations for almost half of the bonds in the Wharton portfolio are clustered around 4 years, and the durations of the remainder around 12 years

这句告诉我们,wharton有一半的duration在4年期,有一半的在12年期。所以wharton属于barbell portfolio。


下面这句告诉我们,laddered portfolio approach可以提供流动性管理,即,把原来的lawson组合和wharton组合,调整成laddered组合。

In general, a laddered bond portfolio approach would improve liquidity management for both


下面这句说,如果都调整成laddered,那么lawson(bullet)组合会面临cash flow reinvestment risk。而wharton(laddered)会面临convexity的下降。

although the Lawson portfolio would experience an increase in cash flow reinvestment risk and the Wharton portfolio would experience a decrease in convexity


很明显,就是在讨论bullet, barbell, laddered之间的conexity,cash flow reinvestment risk的大小关系。


注意看题目的问题,是说,给wharton和lawson使用laddered bond portfolio approach后的影响如何。所以明确是把lawson和wharton调整成laddered。

the effects of a laddered bond portfolio approach on the Wharton and Lawson portfolios?


把bullet调整成laddered,面临的coupon reinvestment risk肯定增多。

因为bullet的现金流集中在中期。三个组合放在一起比较时,他们的投资期or duration一定要一样。而bullet对标的中期就是投资期,或者是benchmark duration。


既然如此,bullet的现金流集中在中期(投资期),那么他的现金流基本不用进行再投资。所以coupon reinvestment risk最低。而laddered的现金流比较均价,早期的cash flow需要进行再投资,相对reinvestment risk更大。当把bullet转化成laddered后,coupon reinvestment risk肯定上升。


如果把wharton(barbell)组合调整成laddered,那么convexity肯定降低。因为barbell的现金流集中在早期和后期,两个期限离投资期(中期)都比较远,且早期和后期的权重还很大。

convexity是看现金流距离投资期(本题是中期)的离散程度,由于barbell非常分散,所以convexity很大。

而laddered portfolio的现金流比较均匀,短期,中期,长期每个期限都有cash flow,且权重都不大,所以整体而言convexity比较适中。

当把barbell调整成laddered时,convexity一定降低。


总结下,一定成立的结论:

reinvestment risk排序:barbell > laddered > bullet

convexity排序:barbell > laddered > bullet

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