问问这个题的知识点在哪里

问题如下：

Question

An analyst gathers the following year-end information from a company's financial statements:

Based only on this information, if Year 2 net income is £3 million and the Year 1 ending cash balance is £10 million, the Year 2 ending cash balance is:

选项：

A.£8 million.

B.£12 million.

C.£18 million.

解释：

Solution

1. Correct because £3,000,000 net income would need to be adjusted for accrued income/expense derived from the change in accounts receivable and accounts payable. The increase in accounts receivable is subtracted from net income and the decrease in accounts payable is also subtracted from net income.

   Change in cash = Net Income – increase in Accounts Receivable – decrease in Accounts Payable:

   Change in cash = £3,000,000 – £2,000,000 – £3,000,000 = –£2,000,000.

   Ending cash balance = 2011 ending cash balance + change in cash = £10,000,000 – £2,000,000 = £8,000,000.

2. Incorrect because, although net income is adjusted for accrued income/expense derived from changes in accounts receivable and accounts payable, it reverses the adjustment to accounts receivable. As such, an increase in accounts receivable is incorrectly added to net income:

   Change in cash = Net Income - decrease in/+ increase in Accounts Receivable - decrease in/+ increase in Accounts Payable:

   Change in cash = £3,000,000 + £2,000,000 – £3,000,000 = £2,000,000.

   Ending cash balance = 2011 ending cash balance + change in cash = £10,000,000 + £2,000,000 = £12,000,000.

3. Incorrect because, although net income is adjusted for accrued income/expense derived from changes in accounts receivable and accounts payable, it reverses the adjustment to accounts receivable and accounts payable. As such, an increase in accounts receivable is incorrectly added to net income and a decrease to accounts payable is incorrectly added to net income:

   Change in cash = Net Income - decrease in/+ increase in Accounts Receivable + decrease in/- increase in Accounts Payable:

   Change in cash = £3,000,000 + £2,000,000 + £3,000,000 = £8,000,000.

   Ending cash balance = 2011 ending cash balance + change in cash = £10,000,000 + £8,000,000 = £18,000,000.

Analyzing Statements of Cash Flows I

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