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ZJZJ · 2024年07月04日

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NO.PZ2018111303000055

问题如下:

Felix is an CFA, work on the Equity investment company, one of the companies he follows, PZ Company, is based in China and complies with IFRS, Felix has found that PZ used 150 RMB million of its own cash and borrowed an equal amount to open a subsidiary in USA, the funds were converted into US dollars on 31 December 2018 at an exchange rate of 1 RMB= 6.9 US dollars, PZ also purchase 500$ million fixed asset and 200$ inventories.

If RMB will appreciate against the USA dollar in the future and US dollar as subsidiary’s functional currency, PZ will most likely report:

选项:

A.

translation loss through I/S

B.

positive translation adjustment

C.

negative translation adjustment

解释:

C is correct.

考点:exposure to translation

解析:

在exposure这里,外币和本币是站在母公司的角度,因为exposure都是针对于母公司股东的风险敞口分析,所以对母公司来说,子公司的当地货币就是外币。

在current method下,exposure= equity,正常来说是大于0的,子公司货币贬值,转换后的金额更小, 所以是亏损,即negative translation adjustment,且在current method 下汇兑损益计入OCI,就是 loss from cumulative translation adjustment.

A不正确,current method下的汇兑损益计入OCI,而不是I.S

能帮我们总结一下BS exposure不同的情况么 谢谢

1 个答案

王园圆_品职助教 · 2024年07月04日

同学你好,本题就是汇兑损益,即exposure直接计入B/S表的情况呢——子公司其实是独立经营的,其实子公司在当地完全就自负盈亏的,并不依附于母公司,是由于合并报表的要求不得不进行汇率转换的,所以此时的汇率变化造成的损益就只能计入OCI也就是直接计入Equity里面(也就是B/S下记录该exposure);

相对的,temporal method下本质就是子公司是依附母公司的,子公司的业务靠母公司输送才能实现,所以其实子公司本质和母公司是一体的,所以子公司所在地的汇率变化就会确实的真实的影响其收益损失,就应该计入I/S表

请看以下讲义的总结黄色部分

在temporal method下,由于货币性资产一般小于货币型负债金额,所以最后通常产生一个负的exposure(也就是net liability性质的exposure)。如果子公司货币贬值,转换后金额变小,但是由于是负债减少,其实是一种收益,该收益会计入I/S表

如果子公司货币升值,转换后金额变大,负债就变得更多了,就是一种亏损,亏损也计入I/S表


在current rate method下,由于总资产大于总负债,所以最后通常是正的exposure(也就是net asset 性质的exposure)。

如果子公司货币贬值,转换后金额变小,但是由于是资产减少,其实是一种亏损,该亏损会计入OCI中

如果子公司货币升值,转换后金额变大,资产就变得更多了,就是一种收益,收益也计入OCI中

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