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Betty · 2024年06月27日

这道题做对了,只是好奇

NO.PZ2021120102000009

问题如下:

An active investor enters a duration-neutral yield curve flattening trade that combines 2-year and 10-year Treasury positions. Under which of the following yield curve scenarios would you expect the investor to realize the greatest portfolio gain?

选项:

A.

Bear steepening

B.

bull flattening

C.

Yield curve inversion

解释:

C is correct.

A duration-neutral flattening trade involves a short 2-year Bond position and a long 10-year bond position, which have a matched duration or portfolio duration of zero. This portfolio will realize a gain if the slope of the yield curvethat is, the difference between short-term and long-term yieldsdeclines. Yield curve inversion is an extreme version of flattening in which the spread between long-term and short-term yields-to-maturity falls below zero.

The bear steepening in A involves an unchanged 2-year yield-to-maturity with a rise in the 10-year yield-to-maturity, causing a portfolio loss. The bull flattening in B combines a constant 2-year yield-to-maturity with lower 10-year rates, resulting in a gain on the 10-year bond position and an unchanged 2-year bond position.

这道题做对了,只是好奇,好像官方题库的选项C改了,是Yields unchanged. 这个跟这道题里的选项C,从理解上有什么不同?

2 个答案
已采纳答案

发亮_品职助教 · 2024年06月28日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


另外,现在改完选项c(yield curve unchanged)之后,题目问的是greatest portfolio loss, 那么就只能选bear steepening了对吧?


是的,选loss的话,本题就只能选bear Steepening。


但需要注意,更进一步讨论的话,是不是bear都无所谓,对于Bear steepening和bull steepening,题干构建的duration-netural yield flattening策略都会有亏损,且亏损一样。

因为duration-netural不受曲线平行移动的影响,Bear和bull代表平行移动,对于本题的duration-neutral策略,不受Bear or bull的平行移动影响。剩下题干构建的是flattening策略,这是专门针对曲线flattening盈利的策略,如果出现steepening的曲线改变,那说明策略构建反了,会产生亏损。


这道题这样理解行不行:bear的都是net short duration, bull都是net long duration, 因为题目里说的是duration neutral, 所以就是排除法,只能选择剩下的那个。


这道题不可以哈。

这道题的选项Bear和bull说的是曲线的移动。

如果是bear的曲线移动(曲线整体上移),我们应该构建一个net short duration的组合来盈利;

如果是bull的曲线移动(曲线整体下移),我们应该构建一个net long duration的组合来盈利。

但有个问题,本题构建的组合是一个duration-netural的组合,他不受利率曲线平移的影响。所以是bear也好,是bull也好,题干构建的组合都不受影响。所以仅仅从bear和bull的角度看,本题构建的duration-neutral组合表现一样,都不受影响,所以没办法排除A、B


但题干构建的组合另外一个条件是,他还是一个yield flattening组合,这是专门针对曲线flattening的盈利组合,所以只有出现flattening的曲线改变时才能盈利。那我们就得在三个选项里找属于yield curve flattening的改变。

选项B的bull flattening属于yield curve flattening的改变,旧题目的选项C的yield curve inversion属于yield curve flattening的极端情况,所以选项B和C的利率曲线改变下,题干的组合都可以盈利,一定要找一个盈利最大的,就是C的yield curve invesion。

但以前会有学员反应明明选项B的bull flattening也可以盈利为什么不选,那现在题目改了,把C改成了yield curve unchanged,则可以判断盈利的策略只有B的bull flattening。


但题目如果要找greatest loss的话,一定是选项A的steepening,因为他yield flattening策略刚好是相反的。

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加油吧,让我们一起遇见更好的自己!

发亮_品职助教 · 2024年06月27日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


是的,现在25年官方教材把C改了。但分析上没影响。以前B/C都能盈利,可能存在一定歧义,现在把选项C改成了不盈利的策略, 那选项B就一定是正确答案。


原因是题干构建好了策略,是duration-neutral yield curve flattening(long长期、Short短期)的组合策略。这样的组合策略在选项B的Bull flattening利率预期下是可以盈利的。


因为首先是duration-neutral策略,选项B bull flattening里面的bull代表利率曲线整体向下平移,这对于duration-neutral的组合(Duration=0)来讲没有任何影响。

然后还是Flattening策略(Long长期债券、Short短期债券),题干构建好的duration-neutral yield curve flattening就是专门针对这种选项B的yield flattening曲线改变的。

对于yield flattening这种短期利率相对上升,长期利率相对下降的情境,该策略可以盈利。

所以选项B的Bull flattening在本题的的利率预期下是可以盈利的。


同时选项C的yield curve inversion,倒挂的利率曲线,这种利率预期下,构建好的duration-neutral yield curve flattening(long长期、short短期)也可以盈利。因为inversion也是短期利率相对上升,长期利率相对下降,他是yield curve flattening的极端情况。


所以BC都可以盈利,这道题感觉就有一定的歧义,虽然可以判断yield curve inversion的盈利更大。


现在把C改成了yield curve unchanged,那在C的背景下,duration-neutral yield curve flattening肯定是没有盈利的,可以分析出选项B肯定是最优的情景。这道题就没啥歧义了。

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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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