NO.PZ202212260100002402
问题如下:
Calculate the expected annual equity return using the Grinold–Kroner model (assume no change in the number of shares outstanding).
选项:
解释:
The Grinold–Kroner model states that the expected return on equity is the sum of the expected income return (2.4%), the expected nominal earnings growth return (7.3% = 2.3% from inflation + 5.0% from real earnings growth) and the expected repricing return (–3.45%). The expected change in market valuation of –3.45% is calculated as the percentage change in the P/E level from the current 14.5× to the expected level of 14.0×: (14 – 14.5)/14.5 = –3.45%. Thus, the expected return is 2.4% + 7.3% – 3.45% = 6.25%
中文解析:
Grinold-Kroner模型指出,预期股本回报率是预期收入回报率(2.4%)、预期名义收益增长回报率(7.3% =通胀带来的2.3% +实际收益增长带来的5.0%)和预期再定价回报率(-3.45%)的总和。市场估值预期变化- 3.45%的计算方法是市盈率水平从当前的14.5倍变化到预期的14.0倍的百分比:(14 - 14.5)/14.5 = - 3.45%。因此,预期收益率为2.4% + 7.3% - 3.45% = 6.25%
考试时没有delta,怎么打出来表达式最省时间且规范?