NO.PZ2023071902000028
问题如下：
QuestionIn an attempt to influence the economy, a central bank implemented open
market operations involving the sale of government bonds. This action
suggests that the central bank is most likely trying to achieve:
选项：
A.Contraction of the economy by reducing bank reserves.
B.Expansion of the economy through a lower policy interest rate. C.Contraction of the economy through a lower policy interest rate.解释：
Solution
- Correct. By selling government bonds, the central bank decreases bank reserves, limiting their lending capacity. This, in turn, leads to a reduction in money supply through the multiplier effect and results in an economic contraction.
- Incorrect. Central bank selling of bonds is not aimed at expansion.
- Incorrect. Selling government bonds will reduce the money supply through its impact on bank reserves, leading to a higher, not lower, interest rate.
• describe tools used to implement monetary policy tools and the monetary transmission mechanism, and explain the relationships between monetary policy and economic growth, inflation, interest, and exchange rates
A正确的。通过出售政府债券，央行减少了银行准备金，限制了它们的放贷能力。这反过来又通过乘数效应导致货币供应量减少，从而导致经济收缩。
B不正确的。央行出售债券的目的不是为了扩张。
C不正确的。出售政府债券将通过对银行准备金的影响来减少货币供应量，从而导致利率上升，而不是下降。
老师请问required bank reserve是法定准备金，没有加required就默认是商业准备金是这个意思吗？
