NO.PZ2023091701000153
问题如下：
In comparison to the bottom-up approach to measuring operational risk exposure, the top down approach would be most appropriate for which of the following:
选项：
A.Determining firm-wide economic capital levels.
B.Designing risk reduction techniques at the business-unit level.
C.Diagnosing specific weak points in a process.
D.Incorporating changes in the risk environment.
解释：
Top-down operational risk measurement techniques may be appropriate for the determination of overall economic levels for the firm. However, top-down operational risk techniques tend to be of little use in designing procedures to reduce operational risk in any particularly vulnerable area of the firm. That is, they do not incorporate any adjustment for the implementation of operational risk controls, nor can they advise management about specific weak points in the production process. They over-aggregate the firm’s processes and procedures and are thus poor diagnostic tools. Top-down techniques are also backward looking and cannot incorporate changes in the risk environment that might affect the operational loss distribution over time.
bottom up 和 top down如何分別
