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張寶寶 · 2024年03月04日

现金转换周期

NO.PZ2023090505000004

问题如下:

An analyst is evaluating an issuer’s liquidity and calculates a negative cash conversion cycle for the issuer in the most recent fiscal year. This result is:

选项:

A.

not feasible.

B.

possible, because the issuer has sufficient cash and marketable securities on hand to support short-term needs.

C.

possible, because the investment in inventory is returned quickly and the issuer takes advantage of vendor financing.

解释:

C is correct. If days of inventory on hand is low, the accounts receivable collection period is short, and the issuer takes advantage of its vendors’ financing, a negative cash conversion cycle is a possible result.

A is incorrect, because issuers may have a negative cash conversion cycle if days payable outstanding is larger than the sum of days of inventory on hand and days sales outstanding.

B is incorrect, because the amount of cash and marketable securities on hand does not affect the company’s cash conversion cycle.

对于c选项

什么是负的现金转换周期?

库存天数较低,代表的是啥?

应收账款回收期短,现金转换周期变短,为啥是负数?


对于a选项

应付账款与库存日数和销售日数之和是什么关系?为啥大于库存日数和销售日数之和就会出现负的现金转换周期?

1 个答案

王琛_品职助教 · 2024年03月05日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


1

关于 A 选项

现金转换周期的计算公式,是存货周转天数(Days of Inventory on Hand,DOH)加上应收账款周转天数(Days Sales Outstanding,DSO),减去应付账款周转天数(Days Payable Outstanding,DPO)

也请参考基础班讲义墨迹版 P176

2

如果应付账款周转天数,大于存货周转天数和应收账款周转天数的总和,就意味着企业在需要支付给供应商之前,已经从销售中收回了成本并获得了额外的现金流

这种情况下,现金转换周期是负数,意味着企业的资金周转非常高效,能够在支付成本之前就通过销售回笼资金​​

也请参考基础班讲义墨迹版 P177

3

存货周转天数较低,意味着企业持有的库存在很短的时间内就能转化为销售,这表明企业的库存管理效率高,能快速回笼资金​​

应收账款周转天数较短,导致现金转换周期变短,因为企业能够更快地从客户处收回款项

也请参考基础班讲义墨迹版 P178

4

当应收账款回收期和存货周转天数都很短,而企业又能够推迟支付给供应商的时间(即应付账款天数较长),就可能出现负的现金转换周期

这意味着企业在支付给供应商之前,就已经从销售中回收了投入的资金,甚至可能还有额外的现金流可供其他用途​​



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