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yui · 2024年01月23日

能否解释一下解析，没有理解

  1. CFA I
  2. Economics Analysis

NO.PZ2023071902000013

问题如下：

QuestionIf a government enhances its expenditure on domestically produced goods using funds obtained from an equivalent rise in taxes, the most likely impact on aggregate demand will be:

选项：

A.Decline.

B.Unaffected.

C.Surge.

解释：

Solution

  1. Incorrect. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

  2. Incorrect. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

  3. Correct. When the government raises spending by the same amount as it increases taxes, aggregate demand is expected to rise. This is due to the marginal propensity to spend out of disposable income being less than 1, resulting in a smaller reduction in spending (represented by "c," the marginal propensity to consume) for each dollar of disposable income decrease. Aggregate spending will fall less than the tax rise by a factor of "c." This additional output will, in turn, lead to further increases in income and output through the multiplier effect.

Fiscal Policy

• describe tools of fiscal policy, including their advantages and disadvantages

能否解释一下解析，没有理解

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1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2024年01月24日

嗨，爱思考的PZer你好：


能否解释一下解析，没有理解

Hello，亲爱的同学~

这里需要先了解一个知识点：财政乘数。

财政乘数是指，政府做财政支出，对经济的影响，是乘数效应。

例如政府支出1000亿，可以拉动GDP3000亿。

用公式可以表示为：


从公式看出，MPC边际消费倾向是小于1的，因此，分母是小于1的，1/小于1的分母，分数值大于1。

因此，由于有财政乘数效应的存在：

政府收1000亿的税，并用这1000亿的税来做政府开支，总体来说，对GDP是有正向拉动作用的。



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