look-ahead bias.

问题如下：

XTZZ’s approach to analyzing government-reported data most likely reduces:

选项：

A.look-ahead bias. B.survivorship bias. C.model overfitting.

解释：

Solution

A is correct. XTZZ’s approach prevents the use of “revised” government data that are not known when the data are initially reported. By not incorporating revised government data until they are actually revealed, XTZZ reduces look-ahead bias.

B is incorrect. Survivorship bias occurs when analysis on past data ignores firms that have ceased to exist at some point during the analysis period.

C is incorrect. Model overfitting occurs when the model fits the past data by finding a pre-conceived relationship (i.e., making the model specifications biased toward the pre-conceived relationship) or when the model is biased toward patterns that are specific only to the past data.