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甜宝 · 2023年11月07日

问题

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NO.PZ202106160100000103

问题如下:

Using the quotes from Dealer A and B, the triangular arbitrage profit on a transaction of MXN 27,000,000 would be closest to:

选项:

A.

GBP 0.

B.

GBP 5,400.

C.

GBP 10,800.

解释:

A is correct.

Using quotes from Dealer A, she can find

MXNGBP=MXNUSD×USDGBP\frac{MXN}{GBP}=\frac{MXN}{USD}\times\frac{USD}{GBP}

The bid from Dealer A for MXN/GBP is effectively

(MXNGBP)bid=(MXNUSD)bid×(USDGBP)bid{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{bid}={(\frac{MXN}{USD})}_{bid}\times{(\frac{USD}{GBP})}_{bid}

The offer from Dealer A is

(MXNGBP)offer=(MXNUSD)offer×(USDGBP)offer{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{offer}={(\frac{MXN}{USD})}_{offer}\times{(\frac{USD}{GBP})}_{offer}

To compare with Dealer B’s quote, she must take the inverse of MXN/GBP, so that she has an offer to sell MXN at a rate of 1/24.7742 = GBP 0.0404 and a bid to purchase MXN at a rate of 1/24.8069 = GBP 0.0403. Dealer A is effectively quoting. Although she can effectively buy pesos more cheaply from Dealer A (GBP 0.0404 from Dealer A, versus GBP 0.0406 from Dealer B), she cannot resell them to Dealer B for a higher price than GBP 0.0403. There is no profit from triangular arbitrage.

考点:Triangular arbitrage

能不能从三角套汇中获利的核心在于能不能实现低买高卖。

首先我们计算出Dealer A处MXN/GBP的报价

(MXNGBP)bid=(MXNUSD)bid×(USDGBP)bid{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{bid}={(\frac{MXN}{USD})}_{bid}\times{(\frac{USD}{GBP})}_{bid}

(MXNGBP)offer=(MXNUSD)offer×(USDGBP)offer{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{offer}={(\frac{MXN}{USD})}_{offer}\times{(\frac{USD}{GBP})}_{offer}

把上述形式转换一下可得 GBP/MXN的形式,

ASK: 1/24.7742 = 0.0404GBP/MXN

BID: 1/24.8069 = 0.0403GBP/MXN

注意到,MXN/GBP换成GBP/MXN后,因为标价货币和基础货币的地位对调了,所以取倒数后BID和ASK报价也要变化。 现在我们可以拿Dealer A的报价与Dealer B的报价作比较了。

Dealer B关于GBP/MXN的报价是0.0403/0.0406。可以看到,Dealer A对于MXN报价便宜一些,那么投资者应该首先从Dealer A处以0.0404GBP/MXN的价格买进MXN,然后去Dealer B处卖掉MXN,但是在Dealer B卖掉MXN就要用Dealer B的买价,0.0403。可以直观看到投资者以0.0404价格买入,却以0.0403价格卖出,是没有利润可得的。所以投资者不会去做这笔三角套汇,那么三角套汇的利润自然为0。

老师,我算出来MXN/GBP是24.7742-24.8069,当转化成GBP/MXN以后,算出来的数据,为什么要把bid和ask的位置也调换呢? 另外按照这个逻辑,算出来DealerA 是0.04031-0.04036,DealerB 是0.0403-0.0404,这个无法判断说谁便宜吧?怎么判断从哪里买入比较划算呢?

1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2023年11月07日

嗨,爱思考的PZer你好:


Hello,亲爱的同学~


当把汇率表达形式倒过来后,bid ask位置也要对调哦。

这就是交叉相除的原理。

但考试的时候,同学也不需要懂这个原理,只需要会运用这个法则来三角套汇就可以了。


这个问题,同学需要明白三角套汇的计算方法。


三角套汇也就是通过两个汇率,计算出第三个汇率,这就是inter bank的汇率。


在得出了inter bank市场上,间接的汇率后,我们再把dealer报价的计算出来汇率进行比较。

看这两个汇率,是否存在套利利润。


同学需要掌握,如何通过两个汇率,计算出第三个汇率,这个知识点。也就是三角套汇的计算方法。

计算方法如下


在考试的时候,同学只需要使用相除对角(交叉相除)的法则来计算就可以了。

至于为什么对调bid ask,这是交叉相除的底层原理。老师简单说一下:

如果一个汇率是在分母的位置,那么除法本身就会把/前和/后的汇率进行对调。

base currency 和 price currency位置对调后,相应的bid ask位置也要对调。

因此是:相除对角。


同学可以这么想:

A /B = 2 ~ 3,bid小,ask大。

现在反过来,B/A

B/A,则取倒数,1/3~1/2。依然要保持bid小,ask大。

因此需要对调过来。


如果这部分不懂的话,也完全不影响考试哦。

会运用就可以。


具体计算方法见基础讲义截图的例题。

----------------------------------------------
就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

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NO.PZ202106160100000103问题如下 Using the quotes from aler A anthe triangularbitrage profit on a transaction of MXN 27,000,000 woulclosest to: A.G0.B.G5,400. C.G10,800. A is correct.Using quotes from aler she cfinXNGBP=MXNUSUSBP\frac{MXN}{GBP}=\frac{MXN}{US\times\frac{US{GBP}GBPMXN​=USXN​×GBPUSThe bifrom aler A for MXN/Gis effectively(MXNGBP)bi(MXNUSbi(USBP)bi(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{bi={(\frac{MXN}{US)}_{bi\times{(\frac{US{GBP})}_{bi(GBPMXN​)bi=(USXN​)bi×(GBPUS)biThe offer from aler A is(MXNGBP)offer=(MXNUSoffer×(USBP)offer{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{offer}={(\frac{MXN}{US)}_{offer}\times{(\frac{US{GBP})}_{offer}(GBPMXN​)offer​=(USXN​)offer​×(GBPUS)offer​To compare with aler B’s quote, she must take the inverse of MXN/GBP, so thshe hoffer to sell MXN a rate of 1/24.7742 = G0.0404 ana bito purchase MXN a rate of 1/24.8069 = G0.0403. aler A is effectively quoting. Although she ceffectively buy pesos more cheaply from aler A (G0.0404 from aler versus G0.0406 from aler B), she cannot resell them to aler B for a higher prithG0.0403. There is no profit from triangularbitrage.考点Triangularbitrage能不能从三角套汇中获利的核心在于能不能实现低买高卖。首先我们计算出aler A处MXN/GBP的报价(MXNGBP)bi(MXNUSbi(USBP)bi(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{bi={(\frac{MXN}{US)}_{bi\times{(\frac{US{GBP})}_{bi(GBPMXN​)bi=(USXN​)bi×(GBPUS)bi(MXNGBP)offer=(MXNUSoffer×(USBP)offer{(\frac{MXN}{GBP})}_{offer}={(\frac{MXN}{US)}_{offer}\times{(\frac{US{GBP})}_{offer}(GBPMXN​)offer​=(USXN​)offer​×(GBPUS)offer​把上述形式转换一下可得 GBP/MXN的形式,ASK: 1/24.7742 = 0.0404GBP/MXNBI 1/24.8069 = 0.0403GBP/MXN注意到,MXN/GBP换成GBP/MXN后,因为标价货币和基础货币的地位对调了,所以取倒数后BIASK报价也要变化。 现在我们可以拿aler A的报价与aler B的报价作比较了。aler B关于GBP/MXN的报价是0.0403/0.0406。可以看到,aler A对于MXN报价便宜一些,那么投资者应该首先从aler A处以0.0404GBP/MXN的价格买进MXN,然后去aler B处卖掉MXN,但是在aler B卖掉MXN就要用aler B的买价,0.0403。可以直观看到投资者以0.0404价格买入,却以0.0403价格卖出,是没有利润可得的。所以投资者不会去做这笔三角套汇,那么三角套汇的利润自然为0。 比如24.774214原为A的bi但取倒数后是否为ask的价格?如是,可否讲解下原理?不太理解

2023-11-28 09:05 1 · 回答

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2023-11-13 17:07 1 · 回答

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2022-12-31 23:56 1 · 回答

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2022-11-11 09:05 1 · 回答