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lcrcp3 · 2023年09月21日

如题

NO.PZ2023040501000075

问题如下:

Pedro Ruiz is an analyst for a credit rating agency. One of the companies he follows, Eurexim SA, is based in France and complies with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Ruiz has learned that Eurexim used EUR220 million of its own cash and borrowed an equal amount to open a subsidiary in Ukraine. Ukraine is not currently in a hyperinflationary environment, but Ruiz is concerned that this situation could change. Ruiz also believes the euro will appreciate against the hryvnia for the foreseeable future.

Given Ruiz’s belief about the direction of exchange rates, Eurexim’s gross profit margin would be highest if it accounts for the Ukraine subsidiary’s inventory using:

选项:

A.

FIFO and the temporal method.

B.

FIFO and the current rate method.

C.

weighted-average cost and the temporal method.

解释:

Ruiz expects the EUR to appreciate against the UAH and expects some inflation in the Ukraine. In an inflationary environment, FIFO will generate a higher gross profit than weighted-average cost. For either inventory choice, the current rate method will give higher gross profit to the parent company if the subsidiary’s currency is depreciating. Thus, using FIFO and translating using the current rate method will generate a higher gross profit for the parent company, Eurexim SA, than any other combination of choices.

为什么母公司相对子公司币种升值就说明汇率历史大现在小?我都搞不清是要干什么了,是要把子公司的乌克兰元转换成欧元吗?那欧元升值,两个货币的差距不就更大了,汇率不是应该变大了吗?

2 个答案

王园圆_品职助教 · 2023年09月21日

好的同学,谢谢你的提醒

王园圆_品职助教 · 2023年09月21日

同学你好,首先,题目有2个问题会影响毛利率,一个是存货计量的方式——FIFO和weighted average下COGS计入的存货成本不同会导致COGS不同。FIFO下用历史存货,COGS计入的成本更低(导致毛利率更高);weighted average用的平均成本,COGS会更高(导致毛利率更低)


另一个问题是汇率变动.子公司的币种相对母公司的在贬值,意味着历史上譬如8个子公司币种可以换1个母公司币种的话,现在10个子公司币种才可以换1个母公司币种了,那同样的子公司币种的COGS,用历史汇率也就是temporal method转换会更大(导致毛利率更低)用平均汇率也就是current rate method转换会更小(导致毛利率更高)

具体知识点可以参考以下讲义截图

lcrcp3 · 2023年09月21日

之前是8子/母,现在是10子/母,我是用8和10比的,所以认为现在的汇率才大,其实应该用1/8=0.125和1/10=0.1比,建议您在解释历史汇率大的时候应该再详细说一下,汇率的问题比较烧脑,以不同的基准考虑结果是相反的,我估计也会有一部分人想不清楚这个事

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