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胖胖 · 2023年09月06日

Why is it unrealized... isn't it realized?

NO.PZ2018111303000059

问题如下:

Ulta Beauty is a US-BASED corporation that sells cosmetic. Its Canadian subsidiary, Cosmetic firm, operates solely in Canada. It was created on 31 December 2015, and uses US dollar as its functional currency. Assume all fixed assets were bought when the company was created.

The following table shows the financial statement information for the years ended 2015 and 2016:

If the functional currency for Cosmetic firm were changed to the Canadian dollar,the consolidated financial statements for Ulta Beauty would begin to recognize:

选项:

A.

realized gains and losses on monetary assets and liabilities.

B.

realized gains and losses on non-monetary assets and liabilities.

C.

unrealized gains and losses on non-monetary assets and liabilities.

解释:

C is correct.

考点:风险敞口exposure。

解析:If the functional currency were changed from the parent currency (US dollar) to the local currency (Canadian dollar), the current rate method would replace the temporal method. The temporal method ignores unrealized gains and losses on non-monetary assets and liabilities, but the current rate method does not.

在temporal下 exposure=MA- ML, MA & ML都是日常活动所需要的,它们的translation G/L在短期内就会realized,所以在I.S中体现(反应经济实质)

而current method,exposure= TA-TL,在资产负债表日需要revalued(并表需要),只有整个公司卖掉才能realized,所以现在是unrealized G.L,确认在OCI (不用反应经济实质)

current method包含的了total asset and total liability,所以没有忽略non-monetary asset/liability,而temporal下只有monetary asset/liability,不包含non-monetary,且它们是unrealized,所以忽略了。

Because under the temporal method records translation G/L on the I/S


The current rate records it on B/S


So shouldn't a shift to temporal method mean it would be realized G/L, thus the answer is B instead of C?

2 个答案

王园圆_品职助教 · 2023年09月06日

首先,同学你搞错了一点,这个子公司在加拿大,但是原来是用美国的母公司币种作为functional currency的,所以原来合并报表用的是temporal method

现在题目说把functional currency改成加拿大元也就是子公司所在地的币种,那就是改为current rate method了

所以合并报表方法是从temporal method(确认translation G/L在I/S表)改为current rate method(确认translation G/L在OCI 也就是Equity里),所以肯定是确认unrealized gains and losses

此外,由于temporal method下只有monetary asset/liability才用current rate转换(会浮动,因为面临汇率风险)而non-monetary asset/liability是用历史汇率转换(不会改变所以没有汇率风险)。而current rate method下所有资产负债都用current rate转换从而面临汇率风险,所以相当于转到current rate方法下后,non-monetary asset/liability都需要面临汇率风险


你的问题“怎么选current method and temporal”——核心就是看子公司的functional currency用的是哪个

如果用母公司的币种——temporal method

如果用子公司自己所在地的币种——current rate method

胖胖 · 2023年09月06日

可以顺便说说怎么选current method and temporal

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