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Zunniyaki · 2023年05月17日

当over-funded和under-funded的时候asset和liability分别应该选择怎样的折现率合适?

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NO.PZ202206210200000106

问题如下:

Is Browne’s proposed investment objective for the Tucker pension plan most likely appropriate?

选项:

A.Yes B.No, the secondary objectives are incompatible. C.No, the proposed required return is inappropriate.

解释:

Solution

C is correct. The proposed required return is inappropriate. For any defined benefit plan, the required return should take into account the anticipated change in future liability cash flows and the change in valuation of those cash flows. The cash flows are affected by changes in active employee salaries, changes in active employee longevity, and the rate of inflation (retired employees). The valuation of liability cash flows will change as market interest rates change. In general, the required return for plan assets should exceed the discount rate on plan liabilities. The required return specified in the proposal does not reflect appropriate market interest rates used to discount liability cash flows (investment-grade long-term bond yields) and double counts inflation, which is a primary factor in active employee salary increases.

A is incorrect. The proposed required return is inappropriate.

B is incorrect. The secondary objectives are not incompatible. It is common for a plan that is currently overfunded to want to maintain status quo, and it is common to do so by engaging in ways of minimizing the volatility of the surplus. Most funds also act to minimize the likelihood the plan sponsor would have to increase its contributions; indeed, many will take on additional asset risk to increase plan asset expected returns and decrease sponsor expected contributions. Although these objectives are compatible, they will have to be balanced against one another.

我看答案中说fully-funded的时候asset的required return只需等于负债的折现率即可,那么当over-funded和under-funded的时候asset和liability分别应该选择怎样的折现率合适?

1 个答案

lynn_品职助教 · 2023年05月17日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


我看答案中说fully-funded的时候asset的required return只需等于负债的折现率即可,那么当over-funded和under-funded的时候asset和liability分别应该选择怎样的折现率合适?


这就涉及到题目都考察方式了,首先fully-funded的时候asset的required return只需等于负债的折现率即可是对的。


在养老金Fully-funded时,大多数题目都是要求计算一个Required return。此时资产的Required return等于负债的折现率,然后在配合一两句解释一下即可。

有些时候,在Fully-funded时,题干会明确地说,资产还需要一个Excess return,这时候,资产的要求回报率就等于:

负债的折现率 + Excess return。

这是在Fully-funded的情况下,大多数情况都是定量计算Required return。


在Under-funded时,很少出现定量计算的题目,绝大多数题目都是定性判断。例如,在Under-funded时,题干问资产有没有能力承担一个:折现率 + excess return的收益目标;在这种情况下,就需要解释说明一下了:


是不能实现的,因为Under-funded,养老金资产的风险承受能力较低,无法追求一个更高的要求回报率。这就是Under-funded时的dilemma问题,因为Under-funded需要资产产生更高的收益率减少Under-funded的不足,但是又因为是Under-funded,所以养老金的风险承受能力下降,无法追求这个高收益率目标。


当然,也出现过Under-funded的定量计算,这种情况很少,我印象中有一道题目,题目明确说的了,资产的要求回报率是负债的折现率加上Excess return,然后题目让求资产的RR,这时候还是两者相加。

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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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