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jay1180 · 2022年12月01日

没理解为啥要调整ebit/.

NO.PZ2019120301000222

问题如下:

Question

A company’s debt covenant requires it to maintain an interest coverage of 2.25; the ratio is calculated using total interest paid. The following information is taken from the company’s 2014 financial statements:


Interest is allocated and capitalized to construction in progress by applying the firm’s cost of borrowing rate to qualifying assets. Interest capitalized in 2014 is $66.

Note 13: Long-Term Debt

All bonds were issued at par.

The most appropriate statement about the company’s debt covenant restriction in 2014 is that the firm:

选项:

A.just satisfied it. B.failed to meet it by at least 5%. C.exceeded it by at least 5%.

解释:

Solution

A is correct.


Because the bonds were issued at par, no amortization of premiums or discounts is included in interest paid.

B is incorrect. It does not adjust EBIT for depreciation related to interest = 389/188 = 2.07: violates threshold. This is (2.07/2.25 – 1) = 8.8% below the threshold (more than 5% below).

C is incorrect. It is the unadjusted TIE = 389/122 = 3.19: exceeds threshold. This is (3.19/2.25 – 1) = 41.7% above the threshold (more than 5%).

麻烦助教老师了,。。为啥要调整分子和分母呢。。。

2 个答案

王园圆_品职助教 · 2022年12月02日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


同学你好,这里只能说,从”实质重于形式“的角度出发, 这个利息费用计入固定资产的原始价值也是很有道理的

而分析师和GAAP的角度不一致,关心的更多的是公司现金流是否健康,所以才会对会计的记账进行调整

两者都没有对错之分,只是角度不同

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就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

王园圆_品职助教 · 2022年12月01日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:



请看以下讲义截图,本题主要考察的就是这一页的知识点。对于资本化的利息费用,由于没有记在I/S表的interest expenses而是直接记在资产里面了,所以会使公司账面的interest expenses比实际的更低,所以在计算实际的利息费用的时候就需要加回(讲义红框部分——对应解析中interest expense的调整的原理)

而利息费用的资本化还会带来资产的价值变高从而每年的depreciation变更高,那既然要调整资本化的利息费用把它当成费用,那也需要同样调减depreciation,既然折旧应该调小,那EBIT作为折旧后的经营利润,就应该把减小的费用影响考虑进去,就是要调大EBIT(答案中EBIT调整部分的原理)

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就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

jay1180 · 2022年12月02日

老师,您说的我懂了,谢谢。但是,既然会计准测为啥不直接规定资本化的利息计入I/S呢,还要让人从EBIT调整。。如果调整是有道理的,那做账直接按有道理的做不就行了。。。为啥搞出两套呢。。

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