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苏·Xu · 2022年10月07日

NO.PZ2016012102000154

问题如下:

When market interest rate is 7%, a company issues a $1 million bond with maturity of 3-year, a 5% coupon rate, and annual interest payments. After the bond is issued, the maket interest rate increases.

In an analyst's view, which of the following statements is the most correct ?

选项:

A.

The debt-to-equity ratio will increase.

B.

The debt-to-equity ratio will decrease.

C.

The debt-to-equity ratio will stay the same.

解释:

B is correct.

When market interest rates increase, the fair value of a bond with a fixed coupon rate decreases and the company’s economic liability may be lower than its reported debt.

For analytical purposes, in debt-to-equity ratio, lower debt and higher equity will decrease its value.

考点:债券利息费用的计算

当市场利率上升时,固定票面利率债券的fair value下降,公司的经济负债(economic liability)可能低于其财务报表上的负债金额。

分析师更倾向于使用fair value method来计量bond。所以在分析公司财务指标时,debt-to-equity ratio会下降,因为debt下降,debt-to-equity ratio下降。

这个债券是折价发行的,随着到期日的临近,L 是增加的,但E是降低的(interest expense 增加),D/E 不是应该增加吗?

至于发行后I/Y的变化,不影响不是吗?

1 个答案

王园圆_品职助教 · 2022年10月07日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


同学你好,本题考察的并不是折价发行的债券随着到期日临近carrying Value这个结论

你仔细看一下题干这句话“After the bond is issued, the maket interest rate increases.”——这道题目的意思是比较发行了这个折价债券以后市场利率就突然变高了, 那此时,就在这个利率变高的时间点,会导致债券的市场价值如何变化以及如何影响D/E这个指标

固定收益中有一个固定的结论,就是市场利率上升会导致债券价格下降(反之亦然),所以本题其实考察的就是固收的这个结论

由于债券市场价值下降,从分析师角度看,相当于公司的debt变小,而其他都不变,所以D/E变小


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