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eaglexps · 2022年09月16日

你好

NO.PZ2016010802000109

问题如下:

Following a sharp increase in the price of energy, the overall price level is most likely to rise in the short run:

选项:

A.

and remain elevated indefinitely unless the central bank tightens.

B.

but be unchanged in the long run unless the money supply is increased.

C.

and continue to rise until all prices have increased by the same proportion.

解释:

B is correct.

An increase in energy prices will shift the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) to the left, reducing output and increasing prices.

If there is no change in the aggregate demand curve, in particular if the central bank does not expand the money supply, slack in the economy will put downward pressure on in input prices, shifting the SRAS back to its original position. In the long run, the price level will be unchanged.

考点:AS曲线

解析:能源价格的攀升会造成总供给的衰退,总供给的衰退在长期会引起原材料价格的下降,从而使得总供给回到初始水平。这期间,如果该国央行不实施干预,那么总需求就不会发生改变。

总供给和总需求在长期都未改变的结果就是物价水平保持不变。

老师,我想问一下,为什么energy price上升会使得总供给下降。谢谢

1 个答案

笛子_品职助教 · 2022年09月16日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


我想问一下,为什么energy price上升会使得总供给下降。

Hello,亲爱的同学。能源价格上升会使总供给下降,这是一种理论阐述,是基于总需求 - 总供给模型给出的结论。

首先能源的运用非常广泛,这使得能源价格上升,不仅仅影响能源自身,它会造成整体物价水平的上升。

而AD - AS里的price level就是总体物价水平。


我们看基础讲义,右边的这张图,就是AD -AS模型。

我们如果想让price level上升,而AD保持不变,就要让AS曲线向左边移动,也就是图上的,从SRAS0向左移动到SRAS1.

图形中的供应曲线左移的含义就是,总供给下降。




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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

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