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Marissa · 2022年09月12日

引申想法

NO.PZ2017092702000014

问题如下:

Grandparents are funding a newborn’s future university tuition costs, estimated at $50,000/year for four years, with the first payment due as a lump sum in 18 years. Assuming a 6% effective annual rate, the required deposit today is closest to:

选项:

A.

$60,699.

B.

$64,341.

C.

$68,201.

解释:

B is correct.

First, find the present value (PV) of an ordinary annuity in Year 17 that represents the tuition costs: 50,000[11(1+0.06)40.06]50,000{\lbrack\frac{1-\frac1{{(1+0.06)}^4}}{0.06}\rbrack} = $50,000 × 3.4651 = $173,255.28. Then, find the PV of the annuity in today’s dollars (where FV is future value):

PV0=FV(1+0.06)17=173,255.28(1+0.06)17PV_0=\frac{FV}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}=\frac{173,255.28}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}

PV0 = $64,340.85 ≈ $64,341.

老师请问,引申一下,这道题如果学费是先付在18时间点,后面计算存款PV时N就是18,对吗?

2 个答案
已采纳答案

星星_品职助教 · 2022年09月12日

同学你好,

这道题确实也可以这么做。但这并不是这类题型的常规解题思路。首先计算麻烦易出错;其次如果求的不是PV而是PMT,这么算就是错的。

--------

无论学费先付还是后付,常规解题思路都是折现到17时间点。这是从现金流发生时间的角度去分析的。

题干中的“ the first payment.... in 18 years”说明了学费的第一笔现金流就处于18这个时间点上。

如果学费是先付年金,相当于认为18时间点是beginning;如果学费是后付年金,相当于认为17时间点是beginning。但是,对于beginning的处理不会影响到现金流本身的发生时间。无论学费是哪种情况,都不会改变这笔现金流位于18时间点的事实。

所以这道题的实质是:在0时点需要存多少钱,可以在18,19,20,21这四个时点支付四笔现金流(PMT)。PMT时间固定后,学费自身是先付还是后付就不重要了。

常规思路:把四笔现金流直接折现到17时点,再折到0时点。不管“beginning”到底在哪儿,都可以这么做。

---------

如果本题求的是PMT,则第二步的N只能等于18.

例如将本题改为:在0时点不存钱,但从1时点开始每年存一笔PMT。问PMT的金额是多少,才可以在18,19,20,21这四个时点支付四笔现金流。

如果此时折现到18时间点,题目就会出错。

这是因为PMT只会从1时点付到17时点,18时间点没有PMT。不会出现在18时间点同时又存钱又取钱的矛盾情况

这类题型可参照原版书课后题的R1 Q8

第一步折现:

PMT=20,000,N=4,I/Y=5,FV=0,CPT PV=-70,919.01

第二步折现:

FV=-70,919.01(刚刚一步的PV算完后不用退出,直接按FV键,就完成了输入),N=17(本题题干中已经给了。但有的题不给。如果没给,这里只能是17,不能是18),I/Y=5,PV=0。CPT PMT=2,744.5048


Helen 🎈 · 2022年10月29日

老师,第一步算的pv是70919是在t17这个点吗?可是题目是先付啊,应该在18上啊。。。我感觉我有点晕

星星_品职助教 · 2022年10月29日

同学你好,

第一步算的pv=70919是在17这个时点上,这是因为首笔现金流的发生时间是18时间点。

具体而言:

1)这道题并不是先付年金,题干中的“due”是在18时点上应支付的意思。

2)同原回复:“题干中的“ the first payment.... in 18 years”说明了学费的第一笔现金流就处于18这个时间点上”。补充一下,只要看到有payment...in N years的描述,就说明这个payment就是在N这个时间点上的,无论先付后付都是如此。这是教材的固定描述,可以当做规律。

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NO.PZ2017092702000014 问题如下 Granarents are funng a newborn’s future university tuition costs, estimate$50,000/yefor four years, with the first payment e a lump sum in 18 years. Assuming a 6% effective annurate, the requireposit toy is closest to: A.$60,699. B.$64,341. C.$68,201. B is correct. First, finthe present value (PV) of ornary annuity in Ye17 threpresents the tuition costs: 50,000[1−1(1+0.06)40.06]50,000{\lbrack\frac{1-\frac1{{(1+0.06)}^4}}{0.06}\rbrack}50,000[0.061−(1+0.06)41​​] = $50,000 × 3.4651 = $173,255.28. Then, finthe PV of the annuity in toy’s llars (where FV is future value):PV0=FV(1+0.06)17=173,255.28(1+0.06)17PV_0=\frac{FV}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}=\frac{173,255.28}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}PV0​=(1+0.06)17FV​=(1+0.06)17173,255.28​PV0 = $64,340.85 ≈ $64,341. 173255.28我能算出来 但为什么下一步时间是17 不是18

2023-09-23 20:31 1 · 回答

NO.PZ2017092702000014 问题如下 Granarents are funng a newborn’s future university tuition costs, estimate$50,000/yefor four years, with the first payment e a lump sum in 18 years. Assuming a 6% effective annurate, the requireposit toy is closest to: A.$60,699. B.$64,341. C.$68,201. B is correct. First, finthe present value (PV) of ornary annuity in Ye17 threpresents the tuition costs: 50,000[1−1(1+0.06)40.06]50,000{\lbrack\frac{1-\frac1{{(1+0.06)}^4}}{0.06}\rbrack}50,000[0.061−(1+0.06)41​​] = $50,000 × 3.4651 = $173,255.28. Then, finthe PV of the annuity in toy’s llars (where FV is future value):PV0=FV(1+0.06)17=173,255.28(1+0.06)17PV_0=\frac{FV}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}=\frac{173,255.28}{{(1+0.06)}^{17}}PV0​=(1+0.06)17FV​=(1+0.06)17173,255.28​PV0 = $64,340.85 ≈ $64,341. N=18, I/Y= 6, PMT=0, FV = 200000 这样哪里错了

2023-09-19 22:24 1 · 回答

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2023-08-21 16:57 1 · 回答

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2023-05-22 14:50 1 · 回答

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2023-05-21 17:37 1 · 回答