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DZ杰 · 2022年07月17日

哪里看出他要投100%?

* 问题详情,请 查看题干

NO.PZ201511190100000201

问题如下:

Discuss how Gerber displayed availability bias with one example. Determine the implications of availability bias for financial decision making and describe one way Gerber could overcome the bias.

选项:

解释:

Availability bias, a cognitive error, is an information-processing bias. Individuals exhibiting this bias will assess the likelihood of an outcome based on how easily they can recall the information. Gerber exhibits this bias in two ways:

• Although Gerber felt the foundation’s investment in ABC was high, he decided that Ludwigs’ involvement and their past success justified the investment in ABC. The information on the past success of Ludwigs’ investments came easily to mind.

• Gerber believed 100 percent of the foundation’s portfolio in the health care industry was appropriate, most likely because of his past experience as an analyst in the industry. It is easier for Gerber to recall information from his past than to develop a diversified investment portfolio. Investors who exhibit availability bias may limit their investment opportunity set, may choose an investment without doing a thorough analysis of the stock, may fail to diversify, and may not achieve an appropriate asset allocation. Gerber exhibits all of these tendencies when he is evaluating the foundation’s portfolio.

The implications of this bias lead the portfolio to be undiversified, and as a result, the portfolio holds assets that may not be appropriate. Gerber is only investing in pharmaceutical companies. The following is a summary of issues with the foundation’s portfolio:

• No thorough analysis regarding investment in ABC.

• A limited investment opportunity set; invested only in the health care sector.

• An undiversified portfolio.

• An inappropriate asset allocation; invested only in equity.

Gerber could overcome this bias by developing an appropriate investment policy strategy, with a focus on appropriate goals (short- and long-term), and having a disciplined approach to investment decision making. An investment policy statement would help provide discipline and would alert Gerber and his team that he really has only considered investments that he is familiar with. Further, Gerber and his investment team should consider the asset allocation within the portfolio.

• Gerber believed 100 percent of the foundation’s portfolio in the health care industry was appropriate

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王琛_品职助教 · 2022年07月18日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


题干背景是分成了两部分来分别介绍:15% 和 85%

这个问题,之前刚好回答过,请同学先参考一下:https://class.pzacademy.com/qa/46879

如果还是有疑问,同学可以追问或者评论,我再回答同学的后续疑问哈

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就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

椰子皮 · 2022年08月10日

老师,题目里“implication”我理解是要求解释可得性偏差的含义,为什么答案里是解释后果?

noracynthia · 2022年11月26日

老师,availability bias的consequence里面有提到choose an investment or mutual fund based on advertising,是否可以把文中的这句作为example呢?如Gerber reads an article by ABC’s chief scientist in which certain scientific results from Project M are detailed...... 这句有提到根据acticle判断M项目对结果是有利的。另外,这类的举例可以从文中选一段写上吗?还是一定要用自己的话说出来?

王琛_品职助教 · 2022年11月28日

嗨,从没放弃的小努力你好:


@noracynthia

1)availability bias的consequence里面有提到choose an investment or mutual fund based on advertising,是否可以把文中的这句作为example呢?

这道题是课后题第 1 题,和真题形式略有差异哈

本题所谓的 example,其实是要引用案例背景中,主人公的言行举止

即李老师说的答题框架重点的「证据」

而同学引用的其实是偏差结果的原文,建议如果要作为 example,还是用案例背景中的证据更合适

2)如Gerber reads an article by ABC’s chief scientist in which certain scientific results from Project M are detailed...... 这句有提到根据acticle判断M项目对结果是有利的。

这句话,其实是用于分析 G 同学有 confirmation bias 的哈,请参考课后题第 4 题

3)另外,这类的举例可以从文中选一段写上吗?还是一定要用自己的话说出来?

都可以,只要让判卷人知道是案例背景中的内容即可

一般都是直接使用案例背景中的句子,毕竟更节省时间

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虽然现在很辛苦,但努力过的感觉真的很好,加油!

王琛_品职助教 · 2022年08月10日

嗨,努力学习的PZer你好:


@椰子皮

老师,题目里“implication”我理解是要求解释可得性偏差的含义,为什么答案里是解释后果?

其实 implication 本身的含义就有「可能的结果」哈,所以第二小问回答偏差的结果,也是符合题意的

另外,偏差的定义,其实第一小问已经回答啦,所以这里回答偏差结果更合适一些

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就算太阳没有迎着我们而来,我们正在朝着它而去,加油!

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NO.PZ201511190100000201 问题如下 scuss how Gerber splayeavailability biwith one example. termine the implications of availability bifor financicision making anscrione wGerber coulovercome the bias. Availability bias, a cognitive error, is information-processing bias. Invials exhibiting this biwill assess the likelihooof outcome baseon how easily they crecall the information. Gerber exhibits this biin two ways:• Although Gerber felt the fountion’s investment in Awhigh, he cithLuigs’ involvement antheir past success justifiethe investment in ABThe information on the past success of Luigs’ investments came easily to min• Gerber believe100 percent of the fountion’s portfolio in the health care instry wappropriate, most likely because of his past experienanalyst in the instry. It is easier for Gerber to recall information from his past thto velop a versifieinvestment portfolio. Investors who exhibit availability bimlimit their investment opportunity set, mchoose investment without ing a thorough analysis of the stock, mfail to versify, anmnot achieve appropriate asset allocation. Gerber exhibits all of these tenncies when he is evaluating the fountion’s portfolio.The implications of this bilethe portfolio to unversifie ana result, the portfolio hol assets thmnot appropriate. Gerber is only investing in pharmaceuticcompanies. The following is a summary of issues with the fountion’s portfolio:• No thorough analysis regarng investment in ABC.• A limiteinvestment opportunity set; investeonly in the health care sector.• unversifieportfolio.• inappropriate asset allocation; investeonly in equity.Gerber coulovercome this biveloping appropriate investment polistrategy, with a focus on appropriate goals (short- anlong-term), anhaving a sciplineapproato investment cision making. investment polistatement woulhelp provi scipline anwoulalert Gerber anhis tethhe really honly consireinvestments thhe is familiwith. Further, Gerber anhis investment teshoulconsir the asset allocation within the portfolio. https://class.pzacamy.com/qa/109515 关于老师写的精简版的回答,有一个关于implication of bias那部分的小问题,回答里是四条都写了,但是题目也没有要求写几条,考试的时候只写一条的话可以么?

2023-02-11 23:05 1 · 回答

NO.PZ201511190100000201问题如下scuss how Gerber splayeavailability biwith one example. termine the implications of availability bifor financicision making anscrione wGerber coulovercome the bias.Availability bias, a cognitive error, is information-processing bias. Invials exhibiting this biwill assess the likelihooof outcome baseon how easily they crecall the information. Gerber exhibits this biin two ways:• Although Gerber felt the fountion’s investment in Awhigh, he cithLuigs’ involvement antheir past success justifiethe investment in ABThe information on the past success of Luigs’ investments came easily to min• Gerber believe100 percent of the fountion’s portfolio in the health care instry wappropriate, most likely because of his past experienanalyst in the instry. It is easier for Gerber to recall information from his past thto velop a versifieinvestment portfolio. Investors who exhibit availability bimlimit their investment opportunity set, mchoose investment without ing a thorough analysis of the stock, mfail to versify, anmnot achieve appropriate asset allocation. Gerber exhibits all of these tenncies when he is evaluating the fountion’s portfolio.The implications of this bilethe portfolio to unversifie ana result, the portfolio hol assets thmnot appropriate. Gerber is only investing in pharmaceuticcompanies. The following is a summary of issues with the fountion’s portfolio:• No thorough analysis regarng investment in ABC.• A limiteinvestment opportunity set; investeonly in the health care sector.• unversifieportfolio.• inappropriate asset allocation; investeonly in equity.Gerber coulovercome this biveloping appropriate investment polistrategy, with a focus on appropriate goals (short- anlong-term), anhaving a sciplineapproato investment cision making. investment polistatement woulhelp provi scipline anwoulalert Gerber anhis tethhe really honly consireinvestments thhe is familiwith. Further, Gerber anhis investment teshoulconsir the asset allocation within the portfolio.就是想问一下这个问题,有没有什么案例吗?会在公司名字里面加funof fun吗

2022-11-03 16:47 1 · 回答

NO.PZ201511190100000201 问题如下 scuss how Gerber splayeavailability biwith one example. termine the implications of availability bifor financicision making anscrione wGerber coulovercome the bias. Availability bias, a cognitive error, is information-processing bias. Invials exhibiting this biwill assess the likelihooof outcome baseon how easily they crecall the information. Gerber exhibits this biin two ways:• Although Gerber felt the fountion’s investment in Awhigh, he cithLuigs’ involvement antheir past success justifiethe investment in ABThe information on the past success of Luigs’ investments came easily to min• Gerber believe100 percent of the fountion’s portfolio in the health care instry wappropriate, most likely because of his past experienanalyst in the instry. It is easier for Gerber to recall information from his past thto velop a versifieinvestment portfolio. Investors who exhibit availability bimlimit their investment opportunity set, mchoose investment without ing a thorough analysis of the stock, mfail to versify, anmnot achieve appropriate asset allocation. Gerber exhibits all of these tenncies when he is evaluating the fountion’s portfolio.The implications of this bilethe portfolio to unversifie ana result, the portfolio hol assets thmnot appropriate. Gerber is only investing in pharmaceuticcompanies. The following is a summary of issues with the fountion’s portfolio:• No thorough analysis regarng investment in ABC.• A limiteinvestment opportunity set; investeonly in the health care sector.• unversifieportfolio.• inappropriate asset allocation; investeonly in equity.Gerber coulovercome this biveloping appropriate investment polistrategy, with a focus on appropriate goals (short- anlong-term), anhaving a sciplineapproato investment cision making. investment polistatement woulhelp provi scipline anwoulalert Gerber anhis tethhe really honly consireinvestments thhe is familiwith. Further, Gerber anhis investment teshoulconsir the asset allocation within the portfolio. 如题。感觉这道题答案特别长,如果是考试遇到,最好最精简的答案是怎样的呢?

2022-09-19 17:03 2 · 回答