NO.PZ2016012101000119
问题如下：
With regard to the data below, what would be the most reasonable explanation of the financial data?
选项：
A.The decline in the company’s equity results from a decline in the market value of this company’s common shares.
B.The €250 increase in the company’s debt from FY3 to FY5 indicates that lenders are viewing the company as increasingly creditworthy.
C.The decline in the company’s equity indicates that the company may be incurring losses, paying dividends greater than income, and/or repurchasing shares.
解释：
C is correct.
The decline in the company’s equity indicates that the company may be incurring losses, paying dividends greater than income, or repurchasing shares. Recall that Beginning equity + New shares issuance – Shares repurchased + Comprehensive income – Dividends = Ending equity. The book value of a company’s equity is not affected by changes in the market value of its common stock. An increased amount of lending does not necessarily indicate that lenders view a company as increasingly creditworthy. Creditworthiness is not evaluated based on how much a company has increased its debt but rather on its willingness and ability to pay its obligations. (Its financial strength is indicated by its solvency, liquidity, profitability, efficiency, and other aspects of credit analysis.)
解析：equity不受到公司发行在外股票价格的影响，A不对。公司借债的上升并不代表公司信誉的提高，看一个公司信用度怎么样是从它的还款能力和意愿来评判的，B不对。C说equity减少可能原因有：公司有loss、支付分红比收益多，或者回购股票。根据BASE法则，期初equity+当期新发行股票-当期回购股票+收益-分红=期末equity。C所说的几个原因都是会影响equity的因素。
这一点不是很理解，比如上市公司从市场上购回本公司发行的股票，equity的总数应该不会发生变化吧，只是股东结构会发生变化吧。
